基于视觉的螺旋砂芯下芯缺陷及定位检测研究  

Research on Defects and Positioning Inspection of Spiral Sand Core Based on Visual

作　　者：段海峰 廖志青 孙琦婧 黄凌森 DUAN Haifeng;LIAO Zhiqing;SUN Qijing;HUANG Lingsen(School of Mechanical Engineering,Guangzhou City University of Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510800,China)

机构地区：[1]广州城市理工学院机械工程学院,广东广州510800

出　　处：《机床与液压》2024年第24期105-110,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：2022年度广东省普通高校特色创新类项目(2022KTSCX182);广东省高等教育学会关于“十四五”规划2023年度高等教育研究课题(23GYB106);广州城市理工学院2023年校级质量工程项目(JY230162)。

摘　　要：在新能源汽车水冷机壳低压铸造成型生产中存在高温作业环境,人工下芯时有一定风险且劳动强度大;机器人下芯时缺乏缺陷及定位检测手段,容易造成砂芯局部损坏以及由此产生铸件组织内部结构缺陷和螺旋水道不通等问题。针对此问题,安装视觉设备,设计机器人专用夹具,建设机器人视觉工作站及控制系统,规划砂芯缺陷检测、放置定位检测视觉方案和机器人工作方案;采用机器人仿真验证软件RobotStuio对砂芯下芯的机器人视觉工作站进行了仿真验证,经过检测碰撞、优化路径和修改程序,编制和优化了机器人的下芯动作程序;达到了机器人将螺旋砂芯完好且准确地放置到低压铸造设备的模具底座上的目的,提高了新能源汽车水冷机壳低压铸造智能控制水平、产品质量和生产效率,也为同类型视觉机器人的应用提供了一种方案。There is a high temperature working environment in the low-pressure casting production of new energy vehicle water-cooled casings,and there is a certain risk and high labor intensity during the artificial lower core;the defect and positioning detection methods are lacked during robot lower core,which can easily cause local damage to the sand core and result in internal structural defects and blocked spiral water channels in the casting structure.In view of this,visual equipment was installed,robot specific fixtures were designed,robot vision workstations and control systems were constructed,and visual schemes for sand core defect detection,placement and positioning detection and robot work schemes were planned.The robot simulation verification software RobotStuio was used to verify the robot vision workstation.After detecting collisions,optimizing path and modifying program,the lower core action program of the robot was compiled and optimized.The purpose of the robot placing the spiral sand core intact and accurately on the mold base of the low-pressure casting equipment is achieved,the intelligent control level,product quality and production efficiency of low-pressure casting of new energy vehicles water-cooled casings are improved,it also provides a solution for the application of the same type of vision robot.

关 键 词：螺旋砂芯 机器人 视觉控制 定位检测 缺陷检测 

分 类 号：TP242.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]