县域高职学校发展40年:区域分布的马太效应与教育资源再分配的政策建议  

40 Years of Development of County-Level Vocational Schools:Mat thew Effect of Regional Distribution and Policy Recommendations for Redistributing Educational Resources

作　　者：郭淇 GUO Qi

机构地区：[1]英国格拉斯哥大学社会科学与政治学院

出　　处：《职教通讯》2025年第1期68-75,共8页Communication of Vocational Education

基　　金：2021年度河北省社科基金项目“利益相关者视域下的公办职业技术大学内部治理现代化研究”(项目编号:HB21GL037)。

摘　　要：创立40年来,县域高职学校数量快速增长,质量稳步提升,有些学校进入全国优秀高职学校前列。但是,从共同富裕角度来考察,全国县域高职学校区域分布不均衡,省份之间、县域之间存在马太效应。这种效应的产生是市场失灵的后果,需要政府深度介入,制定平衡发展计划,推动贫困地区县域高职教育与县域经济形成良性互动。为此,提出以下建议:借鉴江浙发展经验,推进各省县域高职学校均衡发展;制定相关激励政策,鼓励县域产业集群内的骨干企业与职业学校联合举办高职办学点;合理调配全国高职教育资源,解决中西部地区县域高职学校教育资源匮乏问题。In the 40 years since its establishment,the number of county-level vocational schools has grown rapidly,and the quality has steadily improved.Some schools have entered the forefront of excellent vocational schools in the country.However,from the perspective of common prosperity,the regional distribution of vocational schools in counties across the country is uneven,and there is a Matthew effect between provinces and counties.The emergence of this effect is a consequence of market failure,which requires deep government intervention,the formulation of balanced development plans,and the promotion of a positive interaction between vocational education and county-level economy in poverty-stricken areas.To this end,the following suggestions are proposed:draw on the development experience of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces,and promote the balanced development of vocational schools in various provinces and counties;develop relevant incentive policies to encourage backbone enterprises within county-level industrial clusters to jointly establish higher vocational education centers with vocational schools;reasonably allocate national vocational education resources and solve the problem of insufficient educational resources in county-level vocational schools in the central and western regions.

关 键 词：县域高职学校 县域高职教育 区域分布 马太效应 教育资源 40年 

分 类 号：G715[文化科学—职业技术教育学]