一株野生香菇与‘申香215’孢子单核体杂交后代表型多样性分析  

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Monokaryon Hybrids Between a Wild Lentinula edodes Strain and‘Shenxiang 215’

作　　者：徐蒋振 李洁 张帅 董浩然 邵阳浩 章炉军 张丹[2] 宋春艳[2] XU Jiangzhen;LI Jie;ZHANG Shuai;DONG Haoran;SHAO Yanghao;ZHANG Lujun;ZHANG Dan;SONG Chunyan(College of Food Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Shandong Qihe Biotechnology,Zibo 255100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海201403 [3]山东七河生物科技股份有限公司,山东淄博255100

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2025年第1期1-9,共9页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1201604);江苏省重点研发计划现代农业项目(BE2022334)。

摘　　要：将1个云南野生香菇(Lentinula edodes)的孢子单核体菌株DH10分别与190个‘申香215’孢子单核体菌株进行两两杂交,构建杂交群体,测定11个分级农艺性状和10个数值农艺性状,并进行多样性分析。结果表明:190个杂交子中148个可以正常出菇,分级农艺性状的多样性指数变化范围为0.071~1.386(平均为0.627);与其他3种不同交配型菌株比较,交配型为A_(2)B_(3)A_(4)B_(4)菌株的出菇整齐度较高(多样性指数为0.210);交配型为A_(2)B_(2)A_(4)B_(4)、A_(3)B_(2)A_(4)B_(4)菌株的菌柄为上下等粗型(多样性指数为0);交配型为A_(2)B_(2)A_(4)B_(4)、A_(2)B_(3)A_(4)B_(4)菌株较易开伞(多样性指数为0)。数值农艺性状多样性指数变化范围为0.991~1.755,平均为1.548,菌柄长度的多样性指数(1.755)最大,菌柄直径的多样性指数(0.991)最小。所有数值农艺性状变异系数的变化范围为16.55%~73.52%(平均为41.03%),子实体数量的变异系数最大,为73.52%;菌柄长度的变异系数最小,为16.55%。杂交群体的10个数值农艺性状中仅有单棒产量的分布符合正态分布。交配型为A2B3A4B4菌株的单菇质量最大,菌盖质量较大,菌盖较厚;交配型为A_(3)B_(2)A_(4)B_(4)菌株的菌柄质量较小。研究结果可为香菇野生种质资源利用及杂交育种研究提供参考。In order to explore the efficiency of using wild Lentinula edodes germplasm resource of Yunnan in cross breeding and the diversity of monokaryons of the elite variety‘Shenxiang 215’,a selected monokaryotic strain DH10 derived from a wild Yunnan L.edodes was pairwise crossed with 190 monokaryotic strains of‘Shenxiang 215’respectively to generate a hybrid strain population.The hybrid strains were then evaluated for 11 categorical agronomic traits and 10 numerical agronomic traits,and analyzed for diversity.The results showed that 148 of the 190 hybrid strains developed fruiting bodies normally,and the diversity index of graded agronomic traits ranged from 0.071 to 1.386 with an average of 0.627.Compared with the other three mating types,the A_(2)B_(3)A_(4)B_(4) mating type hybrid strains fruited with a high uniformity(diversity index 0.210).The stipes of the A_(2)B_(2)A_(4)B_(4) and A_(3)B_(2)A_(4)B_(4) mating types hybrid strains were evenly thick from top to bottom(diversity index 0).Hybrid strains with mating types A_(2)B_(2)A_(4)B_(4) and A_(2)B_(3)A_(4)B_(4) were easy to open pileus.The diversity index of numerical agronomic traits of the hybrid population ranged from 0.991 to 1.755,with an average of 1.548.Among them,stipe length showed the highest diversity index(1.755),and stipe diameter showed the lowest diversity index(0.991).The variation coefficient of all numerical agrinomic traits ranged from 16.55%to 73.52% with an average of 41.03%.Among them,the variation coefficient of number of fruiting bodies was the highest(73.52%),and that of stipe length was the lowest(16.55%).For the numerical agronomic traits,only the distribution of yield per bag fitted the normal distribution.The A_(2)B_(3)A_(4)B_(4) mating type hybrid strains showed the greatest single fruiting body weight with heavy and thick pilei.The A_(3)B_(2)A_(4)B_(4) mating type hybrid strains had a low stipe weight.The results provided a reference for utilization of wild germplasm resources and cross breeding research of L.edodes.

关 键 词：香菇 野生种质 孢子单核体 交配型 多样性 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S646.12[农业科学—蔬菜学]