红米的营养价值、加工应用与种质创新实践  

Nutritional Value,Processing Application and Germplasm Innovation of Red Rice

作　　者：李兴华[1] 张盛[1] 蔡星星[1] 王欢[1] 刘霞 陈杰[1] 曹志刚[1] 张文超 张群 涂军明[1] LI Xinghua;ZHANG Sheng;CAI Xingxing;WANG Huan;LIU Xia;CHEN Jie;CAO Zhigang;ZHANG Wenchao;ZHANG Qun;TU Junming(Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huanggang,Hubei 438000;Huanggang Modern Agriculture Exhibition and Information Center,Huanggang,Hubei 438000)

机构地区：[1]黄冈市农业科学院,湖北黄冈438000 [2]黄冈市现代农业展示与信息中心,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第2期1-6,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目“优质高产抗病水稻新品种选育”(2006-620-001-03);湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金农业种质资源保护与利用项目“水稻、棉花、玉米、小麦种质资源收集保存、编目、鉴定和分发”(HBZY2023A001-07)。

摘　　要：红米是一类由于色素沉积而导致种皮表现出红色的特殊稻种资源,兼具食疗和药用价值,市场潜力巨大,为深入挖掘和利用中国的红米种质资源,总结红米的营养价值与加工应用,结合研究团队多年种质创新工作,介绍了3个自主创新红米种质(品种)的相关情况。研究结果表明,红米含有与精米一样的基本营养成分,且其生物活性物质的种类和含量均高于精米,可广泛应用于食品、保健产品等。团队经过多年自主创新,选育出3个红米品种:三系不育系‘冈特A’,出糙率77.6%,精米率67.4%,垩白度27.6%,直链淀粉含量12.4%;三系杂交稻‘冈特优8024’,产量9581.6 kg/hm^(2),出糙率78.7%,整精米率60.3%,垩白度7.8%,直链淀粉含量15.1%;两系杂交稻‘E两优32’,产量7307.6 kg/hm^(2),出糙率78.9%,整精米率62.8%,垩白度6.3%,直链淀粉含量13.3%。针对中国市场上红米及其产品的销量不高、种类稀少的突出问题,提出了4个研究方向:加强对现有红米种质资源的研究与利用,创制新的种质资源,为现代育种生产提供材料支撑;选育高产、抗病虫、口感和食味品质好、生育期适中等优良性状于一体的新品种;开展配套栽培技术研究;开展加工技术研究等。研究旨在为红米的推广应用提供借鉴。To explore and utilize the precious red rice germplasm resources in China,nutritional value and processing application of red rice were discussed,and relevant situation of 3 independent innovative germplasm(varieties)of red rice was introduced in combination with the germplasm innovation work of our team for many years,and the research direction of red rice was put forward.The results show that red rice contains the same basic nutrients as milled rice,and the types and contents of bioactive substances are higher than milled rice,which can be widely used in food and health products.After many years of independent innovation,our team selected and bred three lines of red rice sterile line‘Gangte A’,with brown rice rate of 77.6%,head yield of 67.4%,chalkiness of 27.6%,amylose content of 12.4%.Yield of the three-line hybrid rice‘Gangteyou 8024’was 9581.6 kg/hm^(2),with brown rice rate of 78.7%,head yield of 60.3%,chalkiness of 7.8%,amylose content of 15.1%.Yield of the two-line hybrid rice‘E liangyou 32’was 7307.6 kg/hm^(2),with brown rice rate of 78.9%,head yield of 62.8%,chalkiness of 6.3%,amylose content of 13.3%.In view of the prominent problems of low sales volume and few kinds of red rice and its products in the Chinese market,four research directions of red rice were put forward,including strengthening the research and utilization of existing red rice germplasm resources,breeding new varieties of red rice with high yield and disease resistance,carrying out research on supporting cultivation technology and carrying out research on processing technology.Red rice is a kind of special rice resources with red seed coat due to pigmentation,which has both therapeutic and medicinal value,and has huge market potential.This paper can provide reference for the promotion and application of red rice in production.

关 键 词：红米 营养价值 种质创新 ‘冈特A’ ‘冈特优8024’ ‘E两优32’ 

分 类 号：S33[农业科学—作物遗传育种]