脊柱外科机器人研究现状及临床应用展望  

Current research status and prospects for clinical application of robotics in spinal surgery

作　　者：王彪[1] 王江涛 贺宝荣[1] Wang Biao;Wang Jiangtao;He Baorong(Department of Spine Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710054,China;?Medical School of Yan'an University,Yan'an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学附属红会医院脊柱病院,西安710054 [2]延安大学医学院,延安716000

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2024年第37期3471-3477,共7页National Medical Journal of China

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划(2020GXLH-Y-003、2020SF-095);陕西省科技新星项目(2022KJXX-64);西安市卫生局面上培育项目(2024ms11)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着人工智能的飞速发展和医工结合的进一步深化,脊柱外科机器人辅助(RA)技术取得了长足的进步,其临床应用范围也在不断扩大。本文系统总结了近十年脊柱外科机器人相关文献,并归纳了其在螺钉置入方面的最新进展,包括颈、胸、腰椎椎弓根螺钉、皮质骨轨迹螺钉、颈椎侧块螺钉和S_(2)骶髂螺钉;RA引导经椎间孔定向穿刺和内窥镜的精准置入;RA椎板切除减压术等。此外,本文还系统分析RA技术的优缺点,明确了RA技术的准确性、安全性和实用性。本文旨在帮助临床医师进一步了解脊柱外科机器人的临床应用现状,同时促进RA技术的不断完善和普及,最终造福更多患者。With therapid advancement of artificial intelligenceand theincreasing integration of medical engineering,robot-assisted(RA)technology in spinal surgery has made significant strides,with its clinical application range continuously expanding.This article provides a comprehensive review of relevant literature on spinal surgery robots over the past decade,summarizing recent advancements in screw placement techniques such as cervical,thoracic,and lumbar pedicle screws;cortical bone trajectory(CBT)screws;cervical lateral mass screws;and S_(2)sacroiliac(S_(2)AI)screws.It also discusses RA-guided targeted puncture and endoscope placement through intervertebral foramen as well as decompressive laminectomy procedures.Furthermore,this article systematically analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of RA technology while elucidating its accuracy,safety,and practicality.We believe that this article will help clinicians to gain a deeper understanding of the current clinical application status of spinal surgery robots while promoting further enhancements and wider adoption of RA technology to ultimately benefit more patients.

关 键 词：脊柱 机器人辅助 螺钉置入 准确性 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]