藜麦种质资源氨基酸组成及营养价值分析  

Analysis of Amino Acid Composition and Nutritional Value Evaluation of Chenopodium quinoa Germplasm Resources

作　　者：吕二锁 吴晓华 刘志萍 刘锦川 刘娟 赵轩微 叶君 L Ersuo;WU Xiaohua;LIU Zhiping;LIU Jinchuan;LIU Juan;ZHAO Xuanwei;YE Jun(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Huhhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《种子》2025年第1期112-117,共6页Seed

基　　金：内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目“藜麦种质资源搜集创新与新品种(系)选育”(2023CXJJN09)。

摘　　要：为明确藜麦的食用营养价值,对11份藜麦种质资源进行籽粒氨基酸含量检测,分析不同材料间氨基酸组成,比较各材料间必需氨基酸和总氨基酸含量的差异,并进行营养评价。结果表明,11份材料籽粒中均含有17种氨基酸,总含量为71.86~80.52 g/100 g,必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的39%~41%,必需氨基酸含量与非必需氨基酸含量比值在63%~70%之间,接近于FAO/WHO理想蛋白质标准;藜麦籽粒含9种药效氨基酸,占氨基酸总量的64%~66%,药用价值高;总氨基酸中谷氨酸含量最高,蛋氨酸和胱氨酸含量最低,蛋氨酸+胱氨酸含量低于FAO/WHO氨基酸模式谱标准,为第一限制氨基酸;甜藜-原和苦藜-原的总氨基酸和必需氨基酸的含量均高于其他资源材料,结合丰产性和商品品质,可作为药食同源优质藜麦在呼和浩特及周边开发,也可作为育种试验的骨干材料加以利用。In order to determine the dietary nutritional value,Chenopodium quinoa germplasm as resourcesas research materials,the amino acid content of the grain was detected,the amino acid composition of different materials was analyzed,and the difference of essential amino acid and total amino acid content among different materials was compared,and the nutritional evaluation was carried out.The results showed that there were 17 kinds of amino acids in the seeds of 11 materials,the total content was 71.86-80.52 mg/g,the essential amino acid content accounted for 39%-41%of the total amino acid(E/T),the ratio of essential amino acid content to non-essential amino acid content(E/N)was 63%-70%,which was close to FAO/WHO ideal protein standard,The Chenopodium quinoa grain contained 9 kinds of amino acids,accounting for 64%-66%of the total amino acids,and had high medicinal value.The content of glutamic acid was the highest,the content of methionine and cystine was the lowest,and the content of methionine+cystine was the first limiting amino acid,which was lower than the standard of FAO/WHO amino acid pattern spectrum.The contents of total amino acids and essential amino acids of sweet Chenopodium quinoa-Yuan and bitter Chenopodium quinoa-Yuan were higher than those of other resource materials.Combined with high yield and commodity quality,they could be developed as high-quality Chenopodium quinoa with homology in medicine and food in Hohhot and could also be used as backbone materials for breeding experiments.

关 键 词：藜麦 氨基酸 FAO/WHO理想蛋白标准 蛋白质营养价值 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]