结构式同伴互助教学在皮肤科住院医师规范化培训临床技能中的应用  

Application of structured peer assistance learning in standardized dermatology residency training

作　　者：刘晓艳[1] 吴银华[1] 白娟[1] 王苏 孙青苗 乔建军[1] Liu Xiaoyan;Wu Yinhua;Bai Juan;Wang Su;Sun Qingmiao;Qiao Jianjun(Department of Dermatology,the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310003,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第一医院皮肤科,浙江杭州310003

出　　处：《中国毕业后医学教育》2025年第1期28-32,共5页Chinese Journal of Graduate Medical Education

基　　金：浙江大学医学院附属第一医院2022年院级教学课题(zyjg202207)。

摘　　要：目的在基于胜任力的人才培养模式下,探讨结构化同伴互助教学(peer-assisted learning,PAL)在皮肤科住院医师规范化培训中的应用效果。方法选取并培训三年级和一、二年级皮肤科专业基地住院医师作为同伴互助教学指导医师,选择2023年1月—12月在皮肤科专业基地进行住院医师规范化培训的皮肤科专业或非皮肤科专业住院医师作为研究对象,分为对照组(由教学专职岗指导医师指导)和观察组(由PAL指导医师指导)进行临床技能培训。对两组住院医师的学习效果进行出科考核、年中和年末考核,同时采用问卷调查进行主观评价。结果经过培训的PAL指导医师的教学效果与专业基地带教师资相当。问卷结果显示,对PAL指导医师而言PAL技能教学的优势在于能够提高指导者本身的教学反思能力和教学示范、讲解能力,对于PAL住院医师而言,PAL技能教学突出优势在于提升了住院医师操作技能信心和提供了安全的学习环境。结论结合PAL的基于胜任力的人才培养模式,通过提高学习的互动性和实践性,提升住院医师临床技能和教学能力的岗位胜任力,培养住院医师的创新能力、批判性思维和团队合作能力。Objective To explore the effect of structured peer-assistance learning(PAL)in the standardized dermatology residency training under the competency-based training model.Methods Dermatology residents of Grade 3 or Grade 1,2 were selected and trained as PAL instructors,and dermatology or non-dermatology residents who were trained in the dermatological ward from January to December in 2023 were enrolled as research subjects.They were divided into the control group(guided by full-time dermatological tutors)and research group(guided by PAL instructors)for clinical skills training.The learning effect of the two groups was assessed in the end of every month and in the middle and the end of the year.Meanwhile,the subjective evaluation was carried out by a questionnaire survey.Results The teaching effect of the research group was comparable to that of the control group.The results of the questionnaire showed that for the PAL instructors,the advantage of PAL teaching lied in improving their abilities of teaching reflection and demonstration.For the PAL students,the outstanding advantage of PAL teaching lies in enhancing their confidence in skill operation and providing a safer learning environment.Conclusion PAL teaching combined with competency-based training model improves the competency of students'clinical skills and teaching ability,and cultivates students'innovative ability,critical thinking and teamwork awareness.

关 键 词：胜任力教育 同伴互助教学 住院医师规范化培训 

分 类 号：G40-034[文化科学—教育学原理] R75[文化科学—教育学]