墨子的“天下之利”观及其现代价值  

Mozi's View of“The Benefits of the World”and its Modern Value

作　　者：梁山 Liang Shan

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系

出　　处：《思想与文化》2024年第1期233-246,共14页Thought & Culture

摘　　要：“天下之利”作为《墨子》一书的核心概念,其内涵是指天下所有的利益为天下人所共享,出现于全书的十一篇之中,共计二十一次。墨子的“天下之利”观是在先秦时期的特定社会经济关系和政治环境中萌发的,在“百家争鸣”的思潮中逐渐发展成熟。先秦时期生产力的发展和生产关系的调节,为墨子提出“天下之利”观奠定了基础。墨子“天下之利”观的内涵包含“利”“义”和“义利关系”三层内容的讨论。其以“兴天下之利,除天下之害”为最高原则,以“兼相爱、交相利”为思想准则,以“非攻”和“节葬”为行动准则。墨子“天下之利”观作为“共同繁荣观”的价值观基础之一,体现在国家、社会和个人三个层面的价值奠基。发掘“天下之利”观的现代价值,对于理解人类命运共同体有着重要的思想意义,进而在树立民族自信、增强文化软实力,实现中华民族伟大复兴中发挥重要的现实作用。As the core concept of Mozi's book,“The Benefits of the World”means that all the benefits of the world are shared by all the people in the world,and it appears in 11 chapters of the book,21 times in total.Mozi's concept of“the benefits of the world”was born in the specific socio-economic relations and political environment of the pre-Qin period,and gradually developed and matured in the trend of“a hundred schools of thought”.The development of productive forces and the regulation of production relations in the pre-Qin period laid the foundation for Mozi to put forward the concept of“the world's benefits”.The connotation of Mozi's concept of“the benefit of the world”includes three levels of content:“benefit”,“righteousness”and“the relationship between righteousness and benefit”.The highest principle of the concept is to“promote the interests of the world and get rid of the evils of the world”,the ideological principle is to“love each other and exchange benefits”,and the operational principles are“nonattacking”and“saving burials”.The highest principle of Mozi is“the benefit of the world”.Mozi's concept of“the benefits of the world”,as one of the value foundations of the“concept of common prosperity”,is reflected in the value foundations at the national,social and individual levels.Discovering the modern value of the concept of“the benefit of the world”is of great significance to the understanding of the community of human destiny,which in turn plays an important role in building national selfconfidence,enhancing cultural soft power,and realising the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

关 键 词：墨子 天下之利 义利关系 现代价值 

分 类 号：B224[哲学宗教—中国哲学]