“无用之用”的批判与转化——对《庄子》“自然”的跨文化思考  

The Critique and Transformation of“the Use of the Useless”:A Cross-Cultural Reflection on“Nature”in Zhuangzi

作　　者：陈慧贞 Chen Huizhen

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系

出　　处：《思想与文化》2024年第1期16-33,共18页Thought & Culture

摘　　要：《庄子》以“无用之用”作为一种思考方法与处世态度,对处于宰制关系当中的现实存在,展开了批判性思考。“无用之用”不仅蕴含着主体的自我转化,也为理解“自然”的包容与敞开提供了多重视角。首先,本文从对自然/物与主体、有用性与无用性之辩证转化的理解,探讨《庄子》所显明的超人类中心主义和主体“内在自然”的超越性。其次,希望通过与海德格尔“无用之用”的跨文化对话,彰显《庄子》之“自然”批判技术思维与治疗现代性危机的潜力。Zhuangzi interprets the concept of“the use of the useless”as both a cognitive approach and a fundamental stance towards the world,prompting a critical examination of the existence of reality within the context of prevailing power dynamics.This notion of“useless”not only implies the self-alteration of the individual but also presents diverse perspectives for comprehending the comprehensive and unrestricted essence of“nature”.Primarily,this paper delves into the domains of transhumanism and the transcendence of the inner nature of the individual,as articulated in Zhuangzi's philosophy.It does so by analyzing the discursive evolution of the constructs of nature/objects and the subject,alongside an exploration of the nuances of usefulness and uselessness.Furthermore,the study engages in a cross-cultural discourse,drawing parallels with Heidegger's notion of“the useless”,thus emphasizing the potential of Zhuangzi's concept of“nature”to critique technological ideation and reconcile the contemporary predicaments of modernity.

关 键 词：庄子 无用之用 自然 主体转化 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]