小说与上帝之死——维多利亚时代的叙事、神学与道德哲学  

Fiction and the Death of God:Narrative,Theology and Moral Philosophy in Victorian Fiction

作　　者： 陈龙(译) David Jasper;CHEN Long(不详;School of Chinese Literature and Language,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]中国社会科学院大学文学院

出　　处：《基督教文化学刊》2023年第2期47-62,共16页Journal for the Study of Christian Culture

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国传统与欧陆思想的对话工具及其双向阐释”(22JJD720020)子项目阶段性成果

摘　　要：笔者学术生涯的大部分时光都致力于经由文学来研究神学。小说或许常常涉及深刻的神学或哲学主题,但小说家或诗人终究不是神学家。不过,本文聚焦的并非小说的主题,而是小说的形式——小说的形式能够向读者传达善恶的观念。无论上帝是否出现在本文所论的那些小说中,都会引出神正论的问题。总体而言,笔者怀疑上帝出现在那些小说中,下文将详述原因。The novelist is not a theologian or a philosopher,but within the enclosed world of Victorian fiction the matter of theology,the issue of theodicy and the nature of good and evil are examined after the disappearance of God.In the fiction of Dickens,this contention is explored together with the responsibility of the reader as stories are told.Thackeray,unlike Dickens,refuses his readers the convenience of an authoritative narrator,demanding of them instead,a sense of humour and a sense of the writer’s employment of hyperbole in his fictional‘rhetorics’.Thomas Hardy’s stories don’t pretend there is a God who can answer all the questions,and let readers make their choices.Henry James’novels resist solution but show us a world in a consciousness from which there is no escape.While theology may sometimes hamper the reader of fiction,in Victorian novels God may be absent while deeply theological issues remain to be explored and responded to.

关 键 词：维多利亚时代 上帝之死 哲学主题 道德哲学 神正论 学术生涯 善恶 神学 

分 类 号：B82-05[哲学宗教—伦理学] I106.4[文学—世界文学]