螟黄赤眼蜂对真空保鲜米蛾卵的搜寻和寄生行为研究  

Searching and Parasitism Behavior of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii on Vacuum-Packed and Refrigerated Rice Moth Eggs

作　　者：梅文浩 李欢 范睿 朱文雅 王怡 马瑞燕[1] 张烨 MEI Wenhao;LI Huan;FAN Rui;ZHU Wenya;WANG Yi;MA Ruiyan;ZHANG Ye(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院,太原030031

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2024年第6期1422-1429,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家现代农业(梨)产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-28);山西省自然科学研究面上项目(202303021211089);山西省青年基金(202103021223133);山西农业大学植物保护学院科研培育创新项目(ZBXY23A-9)。

摘　　要：米蛾卵是螟黄赤眼蜂室内繁育的优良中间寄主,其保存方式与保存时间会影响赤眼蜂对卵粒的选择偏好。本试验借助体视显微镜和视频采集系统观察记录螟黄赤眼蜂对常规冷藏以及真空包装兼低温冷藏米蛾卵的搜寻和寄生行为。结果显示,当保存时间为0、3、6和9 d时,赤眼蜂对米蛾卵所在区域的进出次数较少,且在6 d时的总寄生卵数和单次寄生卵数均最高,分别为7.65粒和6.44粒;25 d时进出次数最多,但总寄生卵数和单次寄生卵数最低,分别为4.00粒和1.08粒。当保存时间为15、20和25 d时,赤眼蜂在真空包装兼低温冷藏活卵上的检测时间和寄生时间相对较长,且寄生卵数较多,其中15 d时检测时间和寄生卵数分别为20.37 s和2.24粒;20 d时寄生时间和寄生卵数分别为50.27 s和1.95粒;25 d时寄生卵数为1.70粒。当寄生次数为0~11次时,在同一寄生次数下赤眼蜂对不同保存方式卵的寄生比例无显著差异;12和13次时,偏好选择真空包装兼低温冷藏活卵。研究表明,赤眼蜂对米蛾卵的搜寻效率整体随着保存时间的增长而降低。当保存时间较长时,赤眼蜂偏好寄生真空包装兼低温冷藏的活卵。相较于常规冷藏,真空包装兼低温冷藏可作为米蛾卵货架期延长的一种新型保存方式。The eggs of Corcyra cephalonica serve as an ideal intermediate host for Trichogramma chilonis in indoor rearing systems.However,both the storage method and duration of the eggs significantly influence the host preference and parasitism behavior of the parasitoid.This study utilized a stereomicroscope and video recording system to observe and analyze the searching and parasitism behaviors of T.chilonis on C.cephalonica eggs stored under two conditions:regular refrigeration and vacuum-packed refrigeration.The findings revealed that for storage durations of 0,3,6,and 9 days,T.chilonis exhibited a decline in entry frequency into the egg areas.The highest total and single parasitism rates were recorded on day 6,reaching 7.65 and 6.44 eggs,respectively.By day 25,despite the highest entry frequency,the total and single parasitism rates decreased to 4.00 and 1.08 eggs,respectively.For storage durations of 15,20,and 25 days,vacuum-packed refrigerated eggs required longer detection and parasitism times but resulted in higher numbers of parasitized eggs.Specifically,on day 15,the detection time was 20.37 seconds,with a parasitism rate of 2.24 eggs;on day 20,parasitism time increased to 50.27 seconds,with a rate of 1.95 eggs;and by day 25,the parasitism rate declined to 1.70 eggs.While no significant differences in parasitism rates were observed between the two storage methods during the initial 0–11 parasitism events,a clear preference for vacuum-packed refrigerated eggs emerged during the 12th and 13th events.Overall,the searching efficiency of T.chilonis’s decreased with prolonged storage time,and vacuumpacked refrigeration proved to be a superior method for preserving C.cephalonica eggs at later stages.These results highlight vacuum-packed refrigeration as a viable alternative to regular refrigeration for extending the shelf life of C.cephalonica eggs in biological control programs.

关 键 词：螟黄赤眼蜂 米蛾卵 真空包装 低温冷藏 搜寻和寄生 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]