实践智慧与成人之道——《论语》里的中庸思想  

Wisdom in Practice and Path to Fulfillment—The Doctrine of the Mean in The Analects

作　　者：冯兵[1] Feng Bing

机构地区：[1]厦门大学哲学系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《管子学刊》2025年第2期104-116,F0002,共14页GuanZi Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国礼学大百科全书”(22&ZD226)。

摘　　要：儒家的中庸之道在《论语》中有较为充分的讨论,其以“叩其两端”的执两用中、不偏不倚的辩证思维为理论总纲,可具体化为“无可无不可”“无适无莫”“过犹不及”三个方面的内涵,“义”则是其核心精神。在日常生活实践中,中庸之道既体现为充分的理性思辨,也代表着一种至高的道德素养,是儒家圣贤人格的修养法则与境界标志。正是基于此,《论语》所展现出的中庸之道,又构成了君子处理人际关系及各类社会生活事务的重要实践智慧与道德原则,其本质上是一种理性与德性兼备的人生智慧,可以说是人们开启幸福生活之门的一把钥匙。The Confucian doctrine of the mean is extensively elaborated in The Analects,with its theoretical framework of“examining both extremes”and“applying the middle way by grasping both extremes”,as well as its impartial dialectical thinking.It can be concretized into three aspects:“neither approving nor disapproving without principle”,“neither being for nor against without good reason”,and“excess is just as bad as deficiency”.“Righteousness”is its core spirit.In daily life practice,the doctrine of the mean is not only reflected in sufficient rational thinking,but also represents a supreme moral literacy,which is the Confucian sage’s personality cultivation law and realm symbol.These three aspects together reflect the essence of the doctrine of the mean.Based on this,the doctrine of the mean presented in The Analects serves as an important practical wisdom and moral principle for gentlemen when handling interpersonal relationships and various social affairs.Essentially,it is a rational and virtuous life wisdom that can be said to be the key to opening the door to a happy life for people.

关 键 词：《论语》 中庸 实践智慧 成人之道 

分 类 号：B222.1[哲学宗教—中国哲学]