从微观到宏观职普融通何以可为——基于日本、美国与德国的经验  

How Can the Integration of Vocational and General Education from Micro to Macro Levels be Achieved?Based on the Experiences of Japan,the United States,and Germany

作　　者：刘晓萍 余雅兰 Liu Xiaoping;Yu Yalan

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所

出　　处：《中国职业技术教育》2025年第4期62-72,共11页Chinese Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2020年度教育学重大招标课题“职业教育类型特征及其与普通教育‘双轨制’‘双通制’体系构建研究”(项目编号:VJA200003,主持人:匡瑛)。

摘　　要：职普融通是当今各国职业教育改革的新趋势。2022年,我国《关于深化现代职业教育体系建设改革的意见》明确提出了推动职普协调发展、实现相互融通的战略要求。基于我国当前职普融通的形势研判,以全人教育作为职普融通逻辑起点,将能力重塑作为职普融通发展锚点。立足国际视野,从微观、中观和宏观三个维度深入分析日本以能力为导向的课程融合实践、美国以社区学院为依托的校际衔接模式,以及德国渗透性教育体系助推职普融通的经验,进一步设计符合我国本土特色的职普融通实践路径,以期为我国职普融通实践提供有益的参考和启示。The integration of vocational and general education is a new trend in vocational education reform in various countries today.In 2022,China's"Opinions on Deepening the Construction and Reform of the Modern Vocational Education System"clearly put forward the strategic requirements of promoting the coordinated development of vocational and general education and achieving mutual integration.Based on the analysis and judgment of the current situation of the integration in China,this paper takes holistic educa-tion as the logical starting point and ability reshaping as the anchor point for integration development.Based on an international perspective,this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of Japan's ability oriented curriculum integration practice,the intercollegiate linkage model based on community colleges in the Unit-ed States,and the experience of Germany's penetration education system in promoting vocational education integration from three dimensions:micro,meso,and macro.The aim is to further design a vocational educa-tion integration practice path that is in line with China's local characteristics,in order to provide useful ref-erence and inspiration for vocational and general education integration practice in China.

关 键 词：职普融通 国际经验 实践路径 体系建设 课程融合 校际衔接 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]