学术创业研究的理论、热点与发展趋向——基于创业生态系统理论的视角  

Theories,HotSpots,and Development Trends of Academic Entrepreneurship Research:Perspectives Based on Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Theory

作　　者：蒋林浩[1] 林昊 张艳鹿 沈玉翠 胡英芹[4] Jiang Linhao;Lin Hao;Zhang Yanlu;Shen Yucui;Hu Yingqin(College of Teacher Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;School of Marxism,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510520,China;Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation,South China Normal University,Qingyuan 511517,China;Academic Affairs Office,Guangzhou Railway Polytechnic,Guangzhou 510430,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学教师教育学部,广东广州510631 [2]广东工业大学马克思主义学院,广东广州510520 [3]华南师范大学(清远)科技创新研究院,广东清远511517 [4]广州铁路职业技术学院教务处,广东广州510430

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第24期233-242,共10页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：广东省科技创新战略专项资金(大学生科技创新培育)重点项目“粤港澳大湾区高校学术创业效率评价及影响因素研究”(pdjh2024a116);广东省普通高校特色创新类项目(人文社科)“供给侧结构性改革背景下广州高校科技成果转化研究”(2019GWTSCX093);广州市科学技术协会智库建设项目“大湾区高校院所学术创业企业与学术型企业家实证研究”(ZK20240105)。

摘　　要：学术创业作为科技成果商业化的重要途径,其研究的热点和发展动向一直备受关注。基于创业生态系统理论的视角,使用文献计量法中的CiteSpace 6.3.R1软件,对来源于Web of Science核心集数据库(WOS)中的3099篇相关文献进行可视化分析,结果发现:学术创业研究的文献数量在21世纪后呈现快速增长趋势,研究成果主要集中在美英等发达国家,研究主题呈现出多视角、宽领域的态势。进一步深入探讨了技术转移办公室的职能、学术创业者的个人因素以及不同身份角色对学术创业的影响机制等研究热点,并剖析了学术创业不同阶段的发展趋向。最后根据研究结论提出,创建一个有利于提升高校科技人员学术创业内驱力的外部环境至关重要,同时要因地制宜地推动高校内部和区域创业生态系统的构建,并要完善技术转移办公室在链接内外部环境中的功能与职责。Academic entrepreneurship as an important way of commercialisation of scientific and technological achievements,has been attracting much attention in terms of research hotspots and development trends.Based on the perspective of entrepreneurial ecosystem theory,this paper uses CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software in bibliometrics to visualise and analyse 3099 related documents sourced from Web of Science Core Set Database(WOS),and finds that the number of academic entrepreneurship researches in the literature has shown a rapid growth trend after the 21st century,and the research results are mainly concentrated in the developed countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom,and the research theme of academic entrepreneurship presents a multi-perspective and wide-field situation.Further,the paper discusses the research hotspots such as the functions of technology transfer office,personal factors of academic entrepreneurs,and the influence mechanism of different identity roles on academic entrepreneurship,and analyses the development tendency of academic entrepreneurship at different stages.Based on the above conclusions,the practical implication is that,it is crucial to create an external environment that is conducive to enhance the internal drive of academic entrepreneurship among university scientists and technologists,and at the same time,it is necessary to promote the construction of entrepreneurial ecosystems within universities and in the region according to the local conditions,and to improve the functions and responsibilities of the technology transfer office in linking the internal and external environments.

关 键 词：学术创业 创业生态系统 文献计量法 研究热点 发展趋向 

分 类 号：G472.5[文化科学—教育学] G301[文化科学—教育技术学]