吉林西部生态系统服务时空变化特征及其驱动因素  

Spatial-temporal variations and driving factors of ecosystem services in western Jilin Province

作　　者：李育虹 王文娟[2] 费龙[1] 苏日古嘎 孙鸿超 张锦 巴圣杰 LI Yu-hong;WANG Wenjuan;FEI Long;Suri GBao;SUN Hongchao;ZHANG Jin;BA Shengjie(School of Geography,Changchun Normal University,Changchun 130032,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]长春师范大学地理科学学院,长春130032 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102 [3]长春理工大学化学与环境工程学院,长春130022

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第1期240-249,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28020503,XDA28020500);中国科学院人才计划项目(Y7H7031001)资助;吉林省科技发展计划项目(20230203001SF)。

摘　　要：近年来,气候变化和人类干扰活动导致生态系统服务退化,严重限制区域可持续性发展。科学认知生态系统服务变化特征及其驱动机制是制定区域可持续发展和提升生态安全保障政策的基础和前提。本研究以吉林西部为研究区,运用InVEST(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs Tools)模型定量评估了近10年(2010-2020年)吉林西部生态系统服务(产水量、土壤保持和生境质量),分析其时空变化特征,并揭示气候变化和土地利用/覆盖变化(LUCC)及其交互作用对生态系统服务变化的相对影响。结果表明:近10年,(1)在土地管理政策的驱动下,旱地、湿地和未利用地的面积减少,而水田、林地、草地和建设用地的面积呈增长趋势,其中减少的旱地主要转化为水田或林地。(2)近10年吉林西部生态系统服务总体呈增长趋势,且存在显著空间异质性;产水量和土壤保持量分别增加24.2%、51.6%,产水量增幅主要分布于中部和西北部的湿地和水田,土壤保持量增加区域主要位于西部和东北部的湿地和草地,而生境质量总体呈现下降趋势(-4.8%)。(3)近10年,产水量增加主要受气候变化(温度升高、降水增加)的正向影响,土壤保持量增加主要受气候变化及其与LUCC(植被覆盖增加)交互作用的影响,生境质量的下降主要由耕地面积增加和城市扩张等LUCC的负向影响。本研究结果可为吉林西部生态系统服务提升及资源合理利用与配置提供科学依据。Climate change and human disturbances have resulted in the degradation of ecosystem services, impeding regional sustainable development. A thorough scientific understanding of ecosystem service changes and the underlying mechanisms is essential to formulating policies for regional sustainable development and ecological security enhancement. In this study, we used the InVEST(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs Tools) model to quantitatively evaluate ecosystem services(water yield, soil conservation, and habitat quality) in western Jilin Province over the past decade(2010-2020). We further examined the temporal and spatial variations of ecosystem services and revealed the relative contributions of climate change, land use/cover change(LUCC) and their interactions to the changes of ecosystem services. The results showed that:(1) Over the past decade, the area of drylands, wetlands and unused lands decreased, while the area of paddy fields, forest lands, grasslands and construction lands showed an increasing trend, primarily driven by land management policies. The reduced drylands were mainly converted into paddy fields or forest land.(2) The overall trend of ecosystem services in western Jilin Province was increasing, but with significant spatial heterogeneity. Water production and soil conservation increased by 24.2% and 51.6%, respectively, while habitat quality overall showed a decreasing trend(-4.8%). The increases in water production were mainly concentrated in the wetlands and paddy fields that located in the central and northwestern parts of the study area. In contrast, the increases in soil conservation were mainly found in the wetlands and grasslands of the western and northeastern regions.(3) The increases in water production were primarily affected by the positive effects of climate change, such as increasing temperature and precipitation. The increases in soil conservation were mainly affected by climate change and its interaction with LUCC(resulting from increased vegetation cover).

关 键 词：生态系统服务 土地利用/覆盖变化 气候变化 INVEST 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]