2020—2022年郑州市食源性疾病致泻大肠埃希菌分子流行病学特征  

Molecular epidemiological characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from food-borne disease surveillance in Zhengzhou from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：兰培利 赵瑞臻[1] 戴蕾[1] 程春荣[1] 周鹏 炊慧霞[2] LAN Peili;ZHAO Ruizhen;DAI Lei;CHENG Chunrong;ZHOU Peng;CHUI Huixia(Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450007,China;Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]郑州市疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450007 [2]河南省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2025年第1期77-82,共6页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关项目(LHGJ20230637)。

摘　　要：目的调查2020—2022年郑州市食源性疾病监测哨点医院分离到的致泻大肠埃希菌(DEC)的分子流行病学特征。方法收集来自郑州市5家哨点医院60818份腹泻患者粪便标本,通过生化试验和基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)对可疑DEC菌株进行鉴定,采用微量肉汤最低抑菌浓度法、多重PCR技术和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)对DEC分别进行药敏试验、毒力基因检测和分子分型,通过聚类分析比对DEC之间的相关性。结果共检出73株DEC阳性菌株,阳性率0.12%。DEC阳性病例男、女比例为1.52∶1(44/29),以21~<31岁为主(22例,30.14%);发病时间集中在6—8月。可疑暴露食品中肉与肉制品占比最高(21.92%)。共检出3种致病型,分别为肠道集聚性大肠埃希菌(EAEC)45株(61.64%)、产肠毒素大肠埃希菌(ETEC)20株(27.40%)和肠道致病性大肠埃希菌(EPEC)8株(10.96%)。73株菌株对氨苄西林、萘啶酸、四环素的耐药性较高,耐药率分别为79.45%、57.53%、54.79%,对亚胺硫霉素100.00%敏感。45株EAEC分为43个PFGE带型,相似度20.17%~94.29%。结论2020—2022年郑州市食源性致泻大肠埃希菌致病型以EAEC为主,PFGE带型分散,未发现聚集,耐药性严重。Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli(DEC)isolated from sentinel hospitals of food-borne diseases surveillance in Zhengzhou from 2020 to 2022.Methods A total of 60818 feces samples were collected from the diarrhea patients in the five sentinel hospitals in Zhengzhou.The suspected DEC strains were identified by biochemical tests and matter-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOFMS).The drug susceptibility test,virulence gene detection and molecular typing for DEC were carried out by minimal inhibitory concentration method of micro broth,multiplex PCR technology and pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE),respectively.The correlation between DEC strains was compared by cluster analysis.Results A total of 73 DEC positive strains were detected,and the positive rate was 0.12%.The male to female ratio of DEC positive cases was 1.52∶1(44/29),and the majority of DEC positive cases were between 21-<31 years old(22 cases,30.14%).The disease onset time was concentrated from June to August.Meat and meat products accounted for the highest proportion of suspiciously exposed foods(21.92%).A total of 3 pathogenic types were detected,which were 45 strains of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli(EAEC,61.64%),20 strains of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC,27.40%)and 8 strains of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli(EPEC,10.96%).The drug resistance of the 73 strains rates to ampicillin,nalidixic acid and tetracycline were 79.45%,57.53%and 54.79%,respectively,and 100.00%of them were sensitive to imidomycin.The 45 EAEC strains were divided into 43 PFGE band types,having the similarity between20.17%and 94.29%.Conclusions The pathogenic types of food-borne diarrheal Escherichia coli in Zhengzhou from 2020 to2022 were mainly EAEC,and PFGE band genotypes were dispersed;aggregation was found;the drug resistance was serious.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 致泻大肠埃希菌 分子流行病学 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]