监察证据与刑事证据衔接的理论和实践反思  

Theoretical and Practical Reflection on the Connection between Supervisory Evidence and Criminal Evidence

作　　者：卫跃宁[1,2,3,4] 刘帅 WEI Yue-ning;LIU Shuai

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学刑事司法学院,北京100088 [2]中国政法大学纪检监察学院,北京100088 [3]中国政法大学诉讼法学研究院,北京100088 [4]中国人民法院司法改革研究基地、检察基础理论研究基地

出　　处：《北方论丛》2025年第1期97-103,共7页The Northern Forum

基　　金：教育部重大攻关课题“提高一体化推进‘三不腐’能力和水平研究”(22JZD022)。

摘　　要：监察体制改革全面推开以来,涉及职务犯罪的刑事诉讼程序日趋呈现“监察主导”的态势,监察权主体对于被调查人“入罪”或者“出罪”乃至整个刑事案件走向的把控具有相当的前端主导力,这在客观上加剧了外界对监察证据的过度焦虑。监察证据因其所处的程序环境特殊而与刑事证据存在诸多不同,传统的刑事证据理论站在诉讼法的立场对“前监察时代”的纪委办案证据有着较为成熟的制度安排和理论自信,却在崭新的监察权面前缺乏解释的张力。司法实践中监察证据与刑事证据一体互认的默契正在形成,与其固守刑事证据在法律规定层面上的“纸面优势”,倒不如强化和完善监察证据的取证规范,提高监察证据的质量,探索一条既能守牢权利保障底线,又能满足现实办案需要的中间道路,最终实现职务犯罪刑事司法的公平公正。Since the comprehensive implementation of the reform of the supervisory system,the criminal proceedings involving official crimes have increasingly shown a trend of“supervision-led”.The entities exercising supervisory power have significant control over whether the individuals under investigation are“criminalization”or“decriminalization”,as well as the overall direction of the criminal case.This objectively exacerbates the excessive anxiety of the outside world towards monitoring evidence.Supervisory evidence differs greatly from criminal evidence due to its unique procedural environment.The traditional criminal evidence theory has a relatively mature institutional arrangement and theoretical confidence for the case handling evidence of the Commission for discipline inspection in the“pre-supervisory era”from the standpoint of the procedural law,but lacks the explanatory tension in front of the new supervisory power.In judicial practice,a tacit understanding is forming around the mutual recognition of supervisory evidence and criminal evidence.Instead of clinging to the“apparent advantage”of criminal evidence within the legal framework,it is more effective to strengthen and refine the standards for collecting supervisory evidence,improve its quality,and explore a balanced approach that upholds the baseline of rights protection while meeting practical case-handling needs.Ultimately,this should lead to fair and just criminal justice for official misconduct.

关 键 词：监察证据 刑事证据 衔接 独立监察程序 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]