泄压孔参数对全封闭声屏障微气压波缓解效果的影响  

Effect of Pressure Relief Hole Parameters on Mitigation Performance of Micro-pressure Wave in Fully Enclosed Noise Barrier

作　　者：艾宗良[1] 蔡陈之 詹晏辉 李晏良 刘昊天 AI Zongliang;CAI Chenzhi;ZHAN Yanhui;LI Yanliang;LIU Haotian(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China;School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司土木工程建筑与设计研究二院,四川成都610031 [2]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司节能环保劳卫研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁路》2024年第11期28-36,共9页China Railway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52378546);湖南省自然基金资助项目(2024JJ4065);中国中铁股份有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2023-重点-06)

摘　　要：高速铁路全封闭声屏障微气压波可能造成噪声、乘客乘坐不适和屏障结构损伤等问题,为降低微气压波的不利影响,采用数值模拟方法,通过与隧道现场实测数据对比,验证模拟结果的可靠性。基于列车速度400 km/h下无泄压孔全封闭声屏障微气压波的传播规律,提出5种泄压方案,对泄压孔面积、数量进行参数化分析,以最大时间压力梯度为指标,评估泄压孔参数对微气压波的缓解效果。研究结果表明:列车通过全封闭声屏障引起的压缩波和膨胀波在屏障内部传播并在端部发生反射,可采取在屏障入口处开泄压孔的方案降低出口处压缩、膨胀波强度,从而缓解微气压波。随着泄压孔面积增大,微气压波的强度明显减小,泄压孔面积为45 m^(2)时降低的最大时间压力梯度比面积为15 m^(2)时高104%~112%;随着泄压孔数量增加,压缩波的强度小幅度下降。相比于增加开孔数量,增大开孔面积对微气压波缓解效果的提升更大。The micro-pressure wave in fully enclosed noise barrier of HSR may cause problems such as noise,discomfort for passengers and damage to barrier structure.In order to reduce the negative effects of micropressure wave,this paper adopts numerical simulation method to verify the reliability of simulation results by comparing with the field measured data in the tunnel.Based on the propagation law of micro-pressure wave in fully enclosed noise barrier without pressure relief hole at a train speed of 400 km/h,this paper proposes 5 pressure relief schemes and conducts parametric analysis on the area and quantity of pressure relief holes,and evaluates the effect of pressure relief hole parameters on mitigation performance against micro-pressure wave with the maximum time pressure gradient as the indicator.The research results indicate that the compression and expansion waves caused by the train passing through the fully enclosed noise barrier propagate inside the barrier and reflect at the end.The scheme of opening pressure relief holes at the entrance of the barrier can be adopted to reduce the intensity of compression and expansion waves at the exit,thus alleviating the micropressure wave.As the area of pressure relief holes increases,the intensity of micro-pressure wave decreases significantly.When the area of pressure relief holes is 45 m^(2),the maximum time pressure gradient decreased is 104%~112%higher than that when the area is 15 m^(2).As the quantity of pressure relief holes increases,the intensity of compression wave decreases slightly.Compared with increasing the quantity of holes,increasing the area of holes has a greater improvement in the mitigation performance of micro-pressure wave.

关 键 词：400 km/h高速铁路 全封闭声屏障 微气压波 泄压孔 数值模拟 参数化分析 

分 类 号：TU112.594[建筑科学—建筑理论]