柏拉图的后期德性伦理学修正——论立法者与法律序曲  

Revision of Plato’s Later Virtue Ethics——On the Legislator and the Preamble to Law

作　　者：袁祖社[1] 陈一鸣 YUAN Zushe;CHEN Yiming(School of Philosophy,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学哲学学院,西安710119

出　　处：《唐都学刊》2024年第6期67-75,共9页Tangdu Journal

摘　　要：柏拉图在思想后期选择了一条近乎于背离中期思想的伦理学道路,即不再认可《理想国》中哲人王对德性与理性能力的垄断,而改为《法义》中通过设置法律序曲的方式赋予全体城邦公民实践理性以及完善德性的可能,城邦的幸福由自上而下变为自下而上。本文将从以下结构主要阐明柏拉图的伦理学观点:中期伦理学《理想国》遗留下的问题造成了晚期伦理学的转向;后期伦理学引入法律序曲作为修正;柏拉图为法律序曲做的一系列形而上学证明。In his later thought,Plato chose a path of ethics that almost departed from his earlier ideas,no longer recognizing the monopoly of virtue and rational capacity by the philosopher-king in The Republic.Instead,he introduced the concept of the“Prelude to Law”in Laws,which enables all citizens of the city-state to practice reason and perfect their virtues.Happiness in the city-state changed from a top-down approach to a bottom-up one.This paper will mainly elucidate Plato’s ethical viewpoints through the following structures:the issues left by the mid-period ethical framework in The Republic that led to the shift in late ethics;the introduction of the Prelude to Law as a correction in late ethics;and a series of metaphysical justifications mad by Plato for the preamble to law.

关 键 词：柏拉图 《理想国》 《法义》 德性 伦理学 

分 类 号：B502.232[哲学宗教—外国哲学] B82