6种雪茄品系叶绿体基因组比较分析及系统发育关系研究  

Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genome and Phylogenetic Relationship of 6 Fypes of Cigar Varieties

作　　者：施友志 申民翀 王剑[1] 潘勇[1] 杜甫 纪桂霞 赵泽玉 李子玮 王琰琰 贾志忠 袁晓龙 吴创 SHI Youzhi;SHEN Minchong;WANG Jian;PAN Yong;DU Fu;JI Guixia;ZHAO Zeyu;LI Ziwei;WANG Yanyan;JIA Zhizhong;YUAN Xiaolong;WU Chuang(China Tobacco Hubei Industry Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430030,China;Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北中烟工业有限责任公司,湖北武汉430030 [2]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《特产研究》2025年第1期59-66,78,共9页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：湖北中烟工业有限责任公司重点科技项目(2021JCYL3SX2A006)。

摘　　要：为探究国内栽培雪茄烟的品系来源,本研究采用第二代测序技术对6种雪茄烟的叶绿体基因组进行了测序和组装,解析了其叶绿体基因组的结构特点,并构建其系统进化关系。结果表明,6种雪茄烟具有典型的叶绿体基因组的4个分区:大单拷贝区(Large single copy,LSC)、小单拷贝区(Small single copy,SSC)和一对反向重复区(Inverted repeat,IRa/IRb)。结果表明,Nicotiana tabacum 7-CX14,N.tabacum Hainan2,N.tabacum Hainan3,N.tabacum 189802E-Habana2000,N.tabacum Piloto Cubano和N.tabacum apxA_T2_120719的叶绿体基因组全长分别为155942 bp,155942 bp,155942 bp,155942 bp,155942 bp和161907 bp,包括86685p~86686 bp的LSC区域,18571~18573 bp的LSC区域。除N.tabacum apxA_T2_120719之外,其余5种雪茄烟的叶绿体基因组编码的基因数目均为130个,包含85个蛋白编码基因(Protein-coding genes,PCGs)、8个核糖体RNAs(ribosomal RNAs,rRNAs)、37个转运RNAs(transfer RNAs,tRNAs)。N.tabacum apxA_T2_120719包含109个蛋白质编码基因,39个tRNAs。6个物种基因组序列长度差异不大,LSC/IR和SSC/IR边界基因的位置和类型也非常保守。叶绿体基因组中共有60个简单重复序列(SSRs),在密码子的使用上存在A或T偏好。系统进化树的结果表明,来源于湖北省十堰市丹江口市的N.tabacum 7-CX14与来源于多米尼加的N.tabacum Piloto Cubano聚为一支,表明我国栽培的雪茄烟可能存在同种异名、异名同种的现象。因此,雪茄烟叶绿体基因组的测定将有助于雪茄烟物种的鉴定、DNA条形码的开发,可为将来的育种提供科学参考。In order to analyze the source of domestic cultivated cigar strains,we sequenced 6 chloroplast genomes using second-generation sequencing methods,analyzed the structural characteristics of these chloroplast genomes,and constructed their phylogenetic relationships based on these chloroplast genomes.The results showed that the six cigars had four typical chloroplast partitions:a large single copy(LSC),a small single copy(SSC),and a pair of inverted repeats(IRa/IRb).The full length of Nicotiana tabacum 7-CX14,N.tabacum Hainan2,N.tabacum Hainan3,N.tabacum 189802E-Habana2000,N.tabacum Piloto Cubano and N.tabacum apxA_T2_120719 was 155942bp,155942 bp,155942 bp,155942 bp,155942 bp,161907 bp,respectively,including LSC regions of 86685 bp~86686 bp and LSC regions of 18571 bp~18573 bp.Except for N.tabacum apxA_T2_120719,the number of genes encoded in the chloroplast genomes of 5 species of cigar tobacco was 130,including 85 protein-coding genes(PCGs),8 ribosomal RNAs(rRNAs),and 37 transfer RNAs(tRNAs).While N.tabacum apxA_T2_120719 contained 109 protein-coding genes and 39 tRNAs.We found that there was little difference in the length of genome sequences among these six species,and the locations and types of LSC/IR and SSC/IR boundary genes were highly conserved.There are 60 simple repeat sequences(SSRs)in the chloroplast genome,and there is A or T preference in the use of codons.Based on the maximum likelihood method,the results showed that N.tabacum 7-CX14 from Danjiangkou city,Shiyan city,Hubei province and N.tabacum Piloto Cubano from Dominica were clustered together,which demonstrated that there are the same kind of heteronomic names and heteronomic cigars in our country.The determination of chloroplast genome will help to identify species,develop DNA barcoding and provide a scientific reference for future breeding.

关 键 词：雪茄 叶绿体基因组 系统进化关系 种质资源 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]