《墨子》“兼爱”要义析论  

The Essential Meaning of Mozi′s"universal love"

作　　者：高深 王德龙[2] GAO Shen;WANG Delong(Faculty of Arts,Zaozhuang University,Zaozhuang 277160,China;School of History,Culture and Tourism,Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]枣庄学院墨子研究院,山东枣庄277160 [2]淮北师范大学历史文化旅游学院,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《枣庄学院学报》2024年第6期23-31,共9页Journal of Zaozhuang University

基　　金：2019年安徽省高校人文社科重点项目“汪吟龙儒学思想研究”(项目编号:SK2019A0387);2023~2024年度枣庄学院校级科研基金项目“《兼爱》《非攻》文本汇校整理”(项目编号:2023ZX20);2021年山东省社会科学规划研究项目“墨论汇校汇注”(项目编号:ZZCWTJ13)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：针对社会的混乱,诸侯兼并,墨子提出“兼爱”的主张,即“爱人如己”,不分高低贵贱,远近亲疏,一视同仁。“兼爱”是对“天志”的顺应,是圣洁的,无私的,超越了以自我为中心的世俗之爱。“天志”“明鬼”的信仰不但是墨家“兼爱”的逻辑起点,也是“兼爱”的力量源泉。兼爱的主张,既基于现实人性,又超越于现实人性;既追求平等,又尊重社会的等级秩序。墨家兼爱陈义圆满,论证充分,既是必要的,又是切实可行的。认为“兼爱”违反人性、不合逻辑、过于功利、纯属空想等批评都是不成立的。墨家兼爱,远超越儒家仁爱之上,其实行虽有难度,却是应该竭力追求的崇高理想和目标。In response to the chaos of society and the merger of princes,Mozi put forward the proposition of"universal love",that is,"love each other as oneself",regardless of high and low,close and distant,equal treatment."Universal love"is the adaptation to"Heaven′s will",is holy,selfless,beyond the self-centered secular love."Universal love"is feasible both in theory and in reality.Although it is difficult,it is a noble ideal and goal that should be pursued vigorously.Mohist"Universal love"is carefully expressed and conducted sublimely,surpass all the sons of the Qin Dynasty.The belief of"Heaven′s will"and"ghost′s wisdom"is not only the logical starting point of Mohist"universal love",but also the source of power of"universal love".

关 键 词：兼爱 墨家 儒家 仁爱 天志 

分 类 号：B224[哲学宗教—中国哲学]