社会支持与营养在老年住院患者口腔衰弱与衰弱间的链式中介作用  

Chain mediating effect of social support and nutrition on the relationship between oral frailty and general frailty in elderly hospitalized patients

作　　者：李紫艳 潘雅雯 周鹤莲 周浩然 李远珍 LI Ziyan;PAN Yawen;ZHOU Helian;ZHOU Haoran;LI Yuanzhen(School of Nursing,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院护理学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《皖南医学院学报》2025年第1期66-70,共5页Journal of Wannan Medical College

基　　金：安徽省护理学会科研课题(AHHLa202109)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨社会支持与营养在老年住院患者口腔衰弱与衰弱间的链式中介效应,为减缓老年人身体衰弱做出积极的应对。方法:2023年9月~2024年1月采用便利抽样法选取芜湖市三家三级甲等医院的852名老年住院患者为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、微型营养筛查量表(MNA-SF)、口腔衰弱指数-8量表(OFI-8)、衰弱量表(FRAIL Scale)进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果:老年住院患者衰弱的发生率为36.9%,口腔衰弱与衰弱呈正相关(r=0.596,P<0.05),社会支持、营养与衰弱均呈负相关(r=-0.414、-0.426,P<0.05)。中介效应分析显示,社会支持与营养在老年住院患者口腔衰弱与衰弱间起链式中介作用(中介效应为23.92%)。结论:在老年人群体中,口腔衰弱不仅对衰弱产生直接影响,还可以通过社会支持和营养的中介作用对衰弱产生间接影响。Objective:To investigate the chain mediating effect of social support and nutrition on the relationship between oral frailty and general frailty in elderly hospitalized patients for positive strategies to alleviate physical frailty in the elderly patients.Methods:By convenience sampling,we recruited 852 elderly inpatients from three Grade III Level A hospitals in Wuhu area from September 2023 to January 2024.All subjects underwent survey using general information questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form(MNA-SF),Oral Frailty Index-8(OFI-8)and FRAIL Scale.Then the data were analyzed.Results:The incidence of frailty was 36.9%in the elderly hospitalized patients.Oral frailty was positively correlated with general frailty(r=0.596,P<0.05),yet social support and nutrition were in negative correlation with general frailty(r=-0.414;r=-0.426,respectively,P<0.05).The mediating effect analysis showed that social support and nutrition played a chain mediating role between oral frailty and general frailty in elderly hospitalized patients,and the mediating effect accounted for 23.92%of the total effect.Conclusion:In the elderly population,oral frailty not only has a direct impact on general frailty,but also can indirectly affect frailty through the mediating role of social support and nutrition.

关 键 词：老年人 口腔衰弱 衰弱 营养 社会支持 中介效应 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学] R592[医药卫生—临床医学] R153.3