风洞试验模型振动机理及主动控制研究进展  

Model vibration mechanism and active control in wind tunnel test:Review

作　　者：寇西平 曾开春[2] 马涛[3] 路波[2] 杨智春[1] KOU Xiping;ZENG Kaichun;MA Tao;LU Bo;YANG Zhichun(Institute of Structural Dynamics and Control,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Physics in Fluids,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;High Speed Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamic Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学结构动力学与控制研究所,西安710072 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心飞行器流体物理全国重点实验室,绵阳621000 [3]中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所,绵阳621000

出　　处：《航空学报》2025年第1期164-186,共23页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：智强基金(2023);航空科学基金(20220015053002)。

摘　　要：风洞常规测力试验中经常会出现模型大幅度振动的问题,影响试验数据精度甚至威胁设备安全。深入认识模型振动的发生机理,结合有效的控制手段减小试验中的模型振动幅值,对风洞试验研究有重要意义。首先介绍了风洞模型振动的危害与减小模型振动的意义,分析了模型发生振动的机理,总结了常见的减小模型振动的方法及其研究进展,重点分析了主动振动控制方法涉及的内容与技术难点。已有的研究工作表明,在各种减缓模型振动的方法中,以压电堆作为作动器的主动控制方法最能符合工程实用要求,且减振效果较好。最后对大型风洞中模型振动控制需要研究的问题给出了若干建议。Undesirable model vibration often occurs in a conventional wind tunnel force test.Large amplitude model vibrations may adversely affect test data and even threaten the safe operation of equipment.It is therefore of great im⁃portance to fully understand the mechanism of model vibration occurrence and reduce the vibration amplitude by effec⁃tive means in wind tunnel tests.This paper first introduces the harms of model vibration,followed by a summary of model vibration types.The progress of reducing model vibrations by various methods are then presented,and the key points and technical difficulties involved in the active control method analyzed.The existing literature shows that the ac⁃tive control method with the piezoelectric stack as the actuator can best meet the requirements of the engineering prac⁃tice,with better vibration damping effect than others.Finally,suggestions regarding future research on model vibration control in large-scale wind tunnels are presented.

关 键 词：模型振动 振动主动控制 压电堆作动器 控制算法 风洞试验 

分 类 号：V215.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]