健康地理视角下的震后青少年心理焦虑涟漪效应研究  

The Ripple Effect of Psychological Anxiety among Adolescents Exposed to An Earthquake from A Perspective of Health Geography

作　　者：石薇 王佳怡 甘怡群[2] 冯静宜 贾鹏 Shi Wei;Wang Jiayi;Gan Yiqun;Feng Jingyi;Jia Peng(Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610207;School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behacior and Mental Health,Peking University,Beijing,100871;School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072;Renmin Hospital,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060;School of Public Health,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072;International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072)

机构地区：[1]四川大学-香港理工大学灾后重建与管理学院,成都610207 [2]北京大学心理与认知科学学院/北京市行为与健康重点实验室,北京100871 [3]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430072 [4]武汉大学人民医院,湖北省人民医院,武汉430060 [5]武汉大学公共卫生学院,武汉430071 [6]武汉大学空间全生命周期健康国际研究中心,武汉430072

出　　处：《心理科学》2025年第1期186-198,共13页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(32200903);教育部人文社科一般项目(22YJC190019);四川省自然科学基金青年项目(2023NSFSC1486);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金;四川大学‘优秀青年教师海外访学计划’的资助。

摘　　要：以中国地震灾区1425名青少年为研究样本,结合地理空间和实践调研数据,利用空间地理学方法,探索震后青少年焦虑症状的空间分布规律及关键影响因素。结果显示从整体空间上看,震后青少年灾民的焦虑症状呈现“心理涟漪效应”,即越靠近地震中心地带,焦虑症状的筛出率越高,其次,灾中距离、抑郁比率、独生子女率、是否参加过心理健康课程率、就医距离5个因素均对焦虑症状呈显著影响,并存在空间差异性。研究结果支持了震后针对青少年的心理救助资源分配,应该更集中于地震灾害发生的中心位置,但医疗资源应同时关注到震中和边缘地区。研究结果从地理空间视角拓展了灾后青少年心理病症的研究,为灾后心理救助资源的有效调配提供科学依据。Exposure to a disaster such as an earthquake is closely linked with mental disorders.Anxiety is one of the most common psychological problems among adolescents exposed to serious earthquakes.Adolescence is a vulnerable and critical period of physical and mental development.If mental health problems,such as depressive disorders,are not treated in time after a disaster,adolescents may suffer a lifelong psychological crisis.Based on the spatial perspective,prior studies have explored the psychological outcome caused by disaster events and have indicated some controversial results such as the“Psychological Typhoon Eye Effect”and“Ripple Effect”.However,limited studies have used the geographical method to evidence spatial distribution characteristics of mental health symptoms and their correlates.Furthermore,prior studies mainly focused on the spatial distribution of mental health issues among adult populations after hurricanes or floods.Few studies have investigated the geospatial distribution of mental disorders among Chinese adolescents after an earthquake,although it is one of the most frequent disasters in the world.Further research is urgently needed to identify and understand the spatial distribution of anxiety symptoms and relevant influencing factors,which benefit filling research gaps.This study aimed to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors(e.g.,distance to the epicenter,rate of depressive symptoms,sibling rate,mental health course attendance rate,and distance to the medical center)for anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents after the earthquake.There were two datasets from geographic data(such as government databases,Amap and Baidu Map)and a self-report questionnaire.One month after the earthquake,a total of 1761 questionnaires were sent out to five schools in Luxian,and 1425 valid questionnaires were received(response rate=80.92%).Participants reported demographic information,including age,sex,siblings,mental health course attendance,and residence information.T

关 键 词：地震 焦虑症状 青少年 空间地理分布 心理涟漪效应 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]