Immunotherapy and liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma:Current and future challenges  

作　　者：Theodoros Pettas Sofia Lachanoudi Filippos F Karageorgos Ioannis A Ziogas Asimina Fylaktou Vassilios Papalois Georgios Katsanos Nikolaos Antoniadis Georgios Tsoulfas 

机构地区：[1]Department of Transplantation Surgery,Center for Research and Innovation in Solid Organ Transplantation,Aristotle University School of Medicine,Thessaloniki 54642,Greece [2]Department of Surgery,University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus,Aurora,CO 80045,United States [3]Department of Immunology,National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center,Hippokration General Hospital,Thessaloniki 54642,Greece [4]Department of Transplant Surgery,Imperial College Renal and Transplant Centre,London W120HS,United Kingdom [5]Department of Transplantation Surgery,Center for Research and Innovation in Solid Organ Transplantation,Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,School of Medicine,Thessaloniki 54642,Greece

出　　处：《World Journal of Transplantation》2025年第2期8-29,共22页世界移植杂志(英文)

摘　　要：Despite existing curative options like surgical removal,tissue destruction techniques,and liver transplantation for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),the rising incidence and mortality rates of this global health burden necessitate continuous exploration of novel therapeutic strategies.This review critically assesses the dynamic treatment panorama for HCC,focusing specifically on the burgeoning role of immunotherapy in two key contexts:early-stage HCC and downstaging advanced HCC to facilitate liver transplant candidacy.It delves into the unique immunobiology of the liver and HCC,highlighting tumor-mediated immune evasion mechanisms.Analyzing the diverse immunothera-peutic approaches including checkpoint inhibitors,cytokine modulators,vaccines,oncolytic viruses,antigen-targeting antibodies,and adoptive cell therapy,this review acknowledges the limitations of current diagnostic markers alpha-fetoprotein and glypican-3 and emphasizes the need for novel biomarkers for patient selection and treatment monitoring.Exploring the rationale for neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy in early-stage HCC,current research is actively exploring the safety and effectiveness of diverse immunothera-peutic approaches through ongoing clinical trials.The review further explores the potential benefits and challenges of combining immunotherapy and liver transplant,highlighting the need for careful patient selection,meticulous monitoring,and novel strategies to mitigate post-transplant complications.Finally,this review delves into the latest findings from the clinical research landscape and future directions in HCC management,paving the way for optimizing treatment strategies and improving long-term survival rates for patients with this challenging malignancy.

关 键 词：Hepatocellular carcinoma IMMUNOTHERAPY Liver transplantation Neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitors Vaccine therapies Oncolytic viruses Adoptive cell therapy Antigen-targeting antibodies Diagnostic biomarkers 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]