董仲舒与荀子人性论思想异同比较  

Comparison between Dong Zhongshu and Xunzi on Human Nature

作　　者：王亮 Wang Liang

机构地区：[1]西北大学中国思想文化研究所

出　　处：《理论界》2025年第2期44-50,共7页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：本文选取人性论为比较点,从人性来源、人性论内容要素、人性论的实践应用三个维度比较研究董、荀思想异同,认为董仲舒人性论与荀子人性论既有相同,又有不同。相同之处是:性由“天”生、人性是“质”、“心”可调控情性、教化得以可能的内外根据。不同之处是:论证人性的方式、人性有无“善端”、人性组成要素的方式结构、“情”的属性规定、施教主体与受教对象。对比研究两者人性论异同,证明董仲舒借鉴了荀子的人性论思想,较大程度地发展了荀子的人性论,但董仲舒人性论依然未能完备,思想中存在矛盾。比较董、荀思想关系,有助于从思想演进的层面理解儒家学说为何能在汉代取得特殊地位。This paper chooses the theory of human nature as the point of com-parison,examining.the source of human nature,its content,and the practical application of Dong Zhongshu and Xunzi's theories to compare their similari-ties and differences.The similarities are:human nature originates from"Tian";humanity is"quality";"Xin"can regulate emotion;there are internal and exter-nal grounds for enlightenment.The differences lies in:the methods used to demonstrate the theory of human nature;the presence or absence of"Shan duan"in human nature;the structural mode of the constituent elements of hu-man nature;The attribute of"Qing";teaching subjects and teaching objects.A comparative study of the two theories reveals that Dong Zhongshu bor-rowed from Xunzi's.theory of human nature and developed it further,but his theory remains incomplete with some contradictions in his thoughts.Compar-ing the ideological relationship between Dong and Xun helps to understand the historical phenomenon of why Confucianism achieved special status in Han Dynasty from the perspective of ideological evolution.

关 键 词：董仲舒 荀子 人性论 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]