朱熹及其门人的经权观  

Zhu Xi and His Disciples'Views on Jing Quan

作　　者：梁月琪 Liang Yueqi

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院

出　　处：《理论界》2025年第2期51-57,共7页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：“经权”是朱熹及其门人都给予关注的概念,也是儒家思想中联结理论与实践的典型问题。在朱熹及其部分弟子看来,经与权皆统摄于天理,但二者又有区别,经是可以常行的道理,权则是一时之变通。合于经较为容易,因为正常情况下应遵守的规范是人人可知的;行权则困难,因为需要斟酌时宜,理论上只有道德高者方知在特殊情形下如何做到不偏不倚。当论及历史事件时,朱熹与其门人常从能否在经正与权衡之间作出合理的选择来评价。尽管朱熹和其门人在理论上只设想了依靠圣人来合理运用经权的最优政治,但由于现实的复杂性,他们在政治实践中既坚持常行之经,又为变通留出空间,强调有一定权力者在必要时也应行权。The concept of"Jing Quan"was a concern of Zhu Xi and his dis-ciples,and is a typical issue in Confucianism linking theory and practice.In the view of Zhu Xi and some of his disciples,Jing and Quan are both unified in the heavenly principles.However,there is a difference be-tween the two:Jing is the truth that can be consistently followed,while Quan is kind of momentary variation.easier to conform to the Jing because the norms that should be observed under normal circumstances are known to all.While it is not easy to reach the Quan because it re-quires discretion.Theoretically,only those with high morals know how to achieve.the Quan under special circumstances.When discussing historical evernls.Zhu Xi ard his dlisciples ufen evalualed them in l1lls of whether they could make reasonable choices according to Jing and Quan.Zhu Xi and his disciples theoretically envisioned an optimal politics that relied solely on saints 0 use the Jing and Quan appropriately.However,due to the com-plexity of reality,they adhered to the Jing in current political practice while leaving room for variations,emphasizing that those who hold the power should also practice Quan when necessary.

关 键 词：朱熹 朱熹门人 经权 政治 历史评价 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]