爱的决断:走出现代社会困境的性张力政治  

Love's Decision:The Politics of Sexual Tension in Overcoming Modern Social Dilemmas

作　　者：金雯 Jin Wen

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国语言文学系与国际汉语文化学院,上海200241

出　　处：《探索与争鸣》2024年第12期113-118,225,226,共8页Exploration and Free Views

摘　　要：分析家庭小说和电影这个叙事体裁与道德相对性观念之间的关联,可证现代社会的根本难题即多元视角和决断如何综合,正是家庭叙事探讨的根本问题。在现代世俗生活中,人们往往陷入罗生门一般的道德相对主义,每个人从自己的经验和视角出发,指控他人的道德缺陷,无法与他人达成一致的道德决断。这不仅是家庭叙事的基本套路,也是马基雅维利政治哲学以降现代社会面临的基本难题。解决这个问题的路径并不清晰,但当代社会的魅力理论为我们指出了一个意想不到的真理,在当代媒介文化中,任何个人的公共魅力并不取决于他/她是否具有超凡的卡里斯玛,而恰恰取决于他/她是否表征“张力”,即使矛盾双方居于永恒的辩证关系中的能力。这是一种欲望化的辩证法,揭示了现代人超越普遍性和个体性两难境地的渴望。这是一种蕴藏在日常情感中的可能性政治,指向现代社会治愈自身分裂,在辩证转化和偶然生成中改变自身的潜能。By analyzing the relationship between the narrative genre of family novels and films as well as the concept of moral relativism,it can be demonstrated that the fundamental dilemma of modern society—how to synthesize multiple perspectives and make decisions—is precisely the core issue explored in family narratives.In modern secular life,people often fall into a moral relativism akin to the plot of“Rashomon,”where each individual accuses others of moral shortcomings based on their own experiences and perspectives,making it impossible to reach a consensus on moral judgments.This is not only a common trope in family narratives,but also a fundamental challenge facing modern society since the time of Machiavelli's political philosophy.The path to solving this problem is not clear,but the theory of charisma in contemporary society points us to an unexpected truth:in contemporary media culture,the public charisma of any individual does not depend on whether or not she possesses an extraordinary kalisma,but rather on whether or not she characterises‘tension',the ability of two conflicting parties to reside in an eternal dialectical relationship.This is a dialectic of desirability that reveals the desire of modern man to transcend the dilemma of universality and individuality.It is a politics of possibility embedded in everyday emotions that points to the potential of modernity to heal its own divisions and transform itself in dialectical transformation and contingent generation.

关 键 词：爱欲 现代性 家庭小说 性张力政治 道德决断 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]