面向处境不利学生的理科拔尖创新人才早期培养——美国西北大学“励志项目”实施探析  

Early Preparation of Top-notch Innovative Talents in STEM for Disadvantaged Students:An Analysis of the Implementation of U.S.Northwestern University's Project Excite

作　　者：诸芫泽 倪娟[1,2] ZHU Yuanze;NI Juan(Jiangsu Academy of Educational Sciences,Nanjing 210013)

机构地区：[1]江苏省教育科学研究院基础教育研究所,210013 [2]江苏省人民政府参事室

出　　处：《教育科学研究》2025年第2期74-80,共7页Educational Science Research

基　　金：2024年度国家社会科学基金教育学重大项目“教育推动人口红利向人才红利转变的关键路径研究”(VGA240001)子课题“提高学生认知技能水平、培养创新人才的突破性举措”的成果之一。

摘　　要：如何让拔尖创新人才早期培养惠及更多学生,是一个值得探讨的话题。美国西北大学“励志项目”聚焦处境不利学生,旨在面向小学和初中阶段理科方面有天赋的少数族裔学生,提高他们的学业成绩,缩小不同群体学生之间的成绩差异。该项目通过大学、学区、中小学等多方合作,从学生遴选、学术培优、家庭教育培训、个性化指导、同辈支持等方面开展实践,达到了预期目标。该项目形成的一些有益经验(包括多标准多步骤遴选学生、培养过程注重因材施教、多管齐下构建支持体系等),能够为我国开展面向处境不利学生的理科拔尖创新人才早期培养提供借鉴和启示。How to make early preparation of top-notch innovative talents benefit more students is a topic worth discussing.Northwestern University's Project Excite focused on disadvantaged students,which aimed at improving academic achievement of minority elementary and middle school students with talents in mathematics and science and narrowing the achievement gap between different groups of students.By cooperation among university,school districts,and elementary and secondary schools,this project was carried out from the aspects of student selection,academic enrichment,family education training,individualized guidance,and peer support,and achieved the expected goals.The precious experiences formed in this project,including student selection with multiple criteria and procedures,emphasis on educating students in accordance with their aptitude,and the construction of the support system with different measures,can provide implications and reference for China's early preparation of top-notch innovative talents in STEM for disadvantaged students.

关 键 词：拔尖创新人才培养 高质量教育公平 因材施教 

分 类 号：G639[文化科学—教育学]