2018年中国成年居民肉类消费状况和影响因素分析  

Analysis of meat consumption and influencing factors of Chinese adult residents in 2018

作　　者：杨云淇 项春[2] 贾小芳 李敏 苏畅 王惠君 刘爱东 YANG Yunqi;XIANG Chun;JIA Xiaofang;LI Min;SU Chang;WANG Huijun;LIU Aidong(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Beijing 100050,China;Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health,National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206 [3]国家卫生健康委公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京100050

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2024年第10期1185-1190,共6页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：中国健康与营养调查项目(R01-HD30880、DK056350、R24 HD050924、R01-HD38700);国家财政经费(13103110700015005)。

摘　　要：目的分析中国成年居民肉类消费情况及影响因素。方法利用“中国健康与营养调查”项目2018年调查数据,选取有完整连续3天24小时膳食数据和人口经济特征数据的11190名18岁及以上成年居民作为研究对象。采用Kruskal-Wallis及Wilcoxon rank-sum非参数检验对不同特征研究对象的肉类消费量进行组间差异检验,采用χ^(2)检验比较不同特征研究对象的肉类消费率,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析研究对象的肉类消费影响因素,将肉类消费量低于或高于肉类推荐摄入量(40~75 g/d)者判定为肉类消费偏低或偏高。结果研究对象肉类消费量P50(P25,P75)为78.4 g/d(30.0 g/d,141.7 g/d),在肉类的4个亚组中猪肉的消费率最高(81.0%),其次是禽肉(28.3%)、其他畜肉类(23.8%),消费率最低的为动物内脏(6.0%)。年龄、性别、收入水平是肉类消费异常的影响因素。与低收入水平组相比,中等和高收入水平的成年居民肉类消费异常的可能性分别降低13%和17%,OR值分别为0.87(95%CI:0.77~0.98)和0.83(95%CI:0.73~0.95)。结论我国成年居民肉类消费以猪肉为主,肉类消费存在不合理的现象,应针对不同人群的肉类消费情况开展精准化指导,引导成年居民培养良好肉类消费观念,提高居民健康水平。Objective To analyze meat consumption situation and related factors of Chinese adult residents.Methods The 2018 survey data of the"China Health and Nutrition Survey"project was used.Eleven thousand one hundred and ninety adult residents aged 18 and above with complete 3-day 24-hour dietary data and demographic and economic characteristics data for three consecutive days were selected as research subjects.Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon rank-the sum non-parametric test were used to test the differences between groups in the meat consumption of research subjects with different characteristics.Theχ^(2) test was used to compare the meat consumption rates of research subjects with different characteristics.The influencing factors of meat consumption of the research subjects was analyzed by multi-factor logistic regression model,The meat consumption lower or higher than the recommended meat intake(40-75 g/d)was judged as low or high meat consumption.Results The meat consumption P50(P25,P75)of the study population was 78.4 g/d(30.0 g/d,141.7 g/d).The consumption of pork rate was the highest(81.0%),followed by poultry(28.3%)and other meat(23.8%).The lowest consumption rate was animal offal(6.0%).Age,gender and income level were significantly related to abnormal meat consumption in study population.Compared with the low-income group,adult residents at the middle and high income levels are significantly less likely to consume high or low meat consumption by 13%and 17%,respectively,with OR of 0.87(95%CI:0.77-0.98)and 0.83(95%CI:0.73-0.95).Conclusion The main meat consumed by Chinese adults is pork,and the problem of unreasonable meat consumption is relatively prominent.Precise guidance should be carried out based on the meat consumption situation of different groups of people to guide adult residents in developing good meat consumption concepts to improve their health.

关 键 词：成年居民 肉类 消费量 消费率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]