承认理论视域下的高考公平审视与职教高考的生长路径  

Reflections on College Entrance Examination Fairness and Growth Path of Vocational College Entrance Examination in the Perspective of the Recognition Theory

作　　者：姜蓓佳 陈礼业 JIANG Beijia;CHEN Liye(East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学,上海200062

出　　处：《江苏高职教育》2025年第1期1-13,共13页Jiangsu Higher Vocational Education

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第73批面上资助项目“职普融通背景下职教高考与现行高考协同问题研究”(编号:2023M731102);2023年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“职教高考制度构建的政策、策略与技术研究”(编号:23YJC880046)。

摘　　要：对高考公平的审视,应是一个涵盖考生和院校双主体的、将两者统一至同一个场域的包含起点式、过程式和结果式公平的闭环审视。霍耐特承认理论主张公平实现有赖于成员之间形成相互、多元且对等的和谐承认关系,这为审视高考公平提供了崭新视角。基于承认理论建立高考公平分析框架,发现高考承认信号单一导致了教育内卷与学生自我认知的单一,高考承认信号失灵致使技能人才的埋没与接续培养的缺失,高考承认信号扭曲加重了学校分层以及特色和声誉的埋没。职教高考可为高考公平提供如下助力:在起点上使承认信号从单一走向多元,在过程中使承认机制从分层走向分类,在结果里使承认关系从筛选走向适配。可从如下方面为职教高考提供生长路径:确立“我”之认同,增强职教高考考生与职业院校的自我价值认同;强化“他”之认同,在职教高考与现行高考的协同中争取外界认同;在博弈中取得认同,在试点先行、央地协同中不断优化改革的环境。The examination of the fairness of the college entrance examination should be a closed-loop examination that covers the dual subjects of candidates and colleges and unifies the two into the same field,including the starting point,process and result fairness.Honneth's recognition theory holds that the realization of fairness depends on the formation of mutual,pluralistic and equal harmonious recognition relationship among members,which provides a new perspective for examining the fairness of college entrance examination.Based on the fairness analysis framework of the college entrance examination established by the recognition theory,it is found that the single recognition signal of the college entrance examination leads to the single education involution and students'self-cognition.The failure of the recognition signal of the college entrance examination leads to the burying of skilled talents and the lack of continuous training.The distortion of the recognition signal of the college entrance examination aggravates the stratification of the school and the burying of its characteristics and reputation.The college entrance examination of vocational education can provide the following help for the fairness of the college entrance examination:It makes the recognition signal from single to multiple at the starting point,makes the recognition mechanism from stratification to classification in the process,and makes the recognition relationship from screening to adaptation in the result.It can provide a growth path for the college entrance examination of vocational education from the following aspects:establishing the identity of"I",and enhancing the self-worth recognition of vocational education college entrance examination candidates and vocational colleges;strengthening the recognition of"he",and striving for external recognition in the coordination of the vocational education college entrance examination and the current college entrance examination;getting recognition in the game,and constantly optimizing the reform e

关 键 词：承认理论 高考公平 职教高考 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]