三种方法提取亳菊挥发性成分的分析  

The analysis of volatile components of Boju (Bozhou chrysanthemum) extracted by three different methods

作　　者：施高程 赵梦琦 张正 孟慧慧 李艳冉 吴宪熹 张小倩 SHI Gaocheng;ZHAO Mengqi;ZHANG Zheng;MENG Huihui;LI Yanran;WU Xianxi;ZHANG Xiaoqian(College of Pharmacy,Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230012;School of Chines Medicine,Bozhou University,Bozhou 236800)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学药学院,合肥230012 [2]亳州学院中药学院,亳州236800

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2025年第3期75-83,共9页China Food Additives

基　　金：安徽省教育厅项目(2023AH052268)。

摘　　要：探究静态顶空法、超声提取法和水蒸气蒸馏法对亳菊挥发性成分的影响。采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对不同提取方法(静态顶空法、超声提取法和水蒸气蒸馏法)下亳菊挥发性成分、种类及相对含量进行分析,结合聚类、主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PIS-DA)区分亳菊三种提取方法。不同提取方法亳菊挥发性成分及相对含量存在差别,三种方法提取分别鉴定出70、69和62种挥发性化学成分,主要成分为桉叶油醇、菊油环酮等,共有组分26种,主要有烯类、醇类、酮类化合物。通过聚类、主成分和偏最小二乘判别分析,在亳菊挥发性成分上可简化为2个主成分,累积方差贡献率为99.8%,三种提取方法可分为2类。为日后亳菊挥发油提取方法的选择及进一步开发提供了一定的参考。This study investigated the influence of three extraction methods—static headspace,ultrasonic extraction,and steam distillation—on the volatile profile of Boju(Bozhou chrysanthemum).Volatile compounds were identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Multivariate analysis,including clustering,principal component analysis(PCA),and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) were employed to compare the effects of the extraction methods.Seventy,sixty-nine,and sixty-two volatile compounds were identified in Boju extracts obtained by static headspace,ultrasonic extraction,and steam distillation,respectively.Eucalyptol and chrysanthenone were the predominant compounds across all methods.Twenty-six compounds,primarily alkenes,alcohols,and ketones were common to all three methods.PCA and PLS-DA simplified the volatile profiles into two principal components,explaining 99.8% of the variance,and effectively categorized the three extraction methods into two distinct groups.These findings provide valuable insights for selecting appropriate extraction methods to obtain desired volatile components from Boju,with implications for its further development and utilization.

关 键 词：亳菊 提取方法 GC-MS 主成分分析 挥发性成分 

分 类 号：TS201[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]