残障的社会认知建构的历史演变  

The Historical Evolution of the Social Cognitive Construction of Disability

作　　者：章景然 ZHANG Jingran(School of Marxism,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京211816

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2025年第3期7-11,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2022年江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2022SJYB0227);2023年南京工业大学引进人才优培计划项目(YPJH2023-03)。

摘　　要：残障的认知建构经历了四个阶段,早期社会通常以道德视角来解释残障,随着启蒙运动和科学的发展,医学逐渐成为主导解释框架,推动了康复治疗认知的形成,以及相关社会制度和技术的革新。自20世纪60年代以来,强调“障碍状态”是个人与社会环境互动结果的社会认知逐渐成为主流。残障认知受到经济进步、医学突破、社会态度转变和文化变革等多重因素的影响。基于社会建构理论,通过阐释社会文化的变迁如何塑造并影响残障的认知,旨在为理解和支持残障群体提供坚实的理论基础和深刻的历史洞见。The construction of disability cognition has gone through four stages.In early societies,disability was typically interpreted through a moral perspective.With the enlightenment and advancements in science,medicine gradually became the dominant explanatory framework,driving the formation of rehabilitation treatment cognition as well as innovations in related social systems and technologies.Since the 1960s,the social recognition emphasizing that the"disability status"is the result of the interaction between individuals and their social environment has gradually become mainstream.Disability cognition has been influenced by multiple factors,including economic progress,medical breakthroughs,social attitude shifts,and cultural changes.Based on the social construction theory,this paper aims to explain how sociocultural changes shape and influence disability cognition,providing a solid theoretical foundation and profound historical insights for understanding and supporting the disability community.

关 键 词：残障 社会认知 社会建构理论 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生]