后末日推想小说的新物质主义批评  

Post-Apocalyptic Speculative Fiction from the Lens of New Materialism

作　　者：都岚岚 DU Lanlan(Institute of Global Humanities,Nanjing University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215163,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学全球人文研究院,江苏苏州215163

出　　处：《上海大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期76-86,共11页Journal of Shanghai University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22BWW057)。

摘　　要：21世纪以来,后末日叙事在英语气候变化小说的创作中呈现上升趋势。作为文学对人类世时代气候变化灾难的回应,后末日推想小说反思长期以来人类中心主义对人类、非人类、自然、社会和地球的影响,越来越强调全球性风险中人与物的纠缠关系,尤其在面对当代日益严峻的全球性气候变化与资源分配不公等问题方面,21世纪英语推想小说家以批判的恶托邦为叙事模式,从反向强调全球范围内人与非人关联性关系的重要性。从新物质主义的三个核心转向出发,可以探讨保罗·巴奇加卢皮的《发条女孩》、玛格丽特·阿特伍德的《羚羊与秧鸡》和艾米莉·圣约翰·曼德尔的《第十一站》三部后末日推想小说对未来世界的想象及其传达的伦理内涵。As one of the major narrative modes of English climate fiction,post-apocalyptic writing began to flourish in the twenty-first century.Post-apocalyptic speculative fiction,as a literary response to climate change in the Anthropocene,reflects on the dire impacts of Anthropocentrism on humans,non-humans,nature,society,and the Earth,placing increasing emphasis on the entangled relationship between humans and non-humans in the globalized risk society.Taking global climate change and the unequal distribution of resources into consideration,twenty-first-century English speculative fictionists use the dystopian narrative mode to caution readers and emphasize the importance of interdependence among humans and non-humans.This article first discusses the three turns of New Materialism and then interprets three post-apocalyptic novels,i.e.,Paolo Bacigalupi’s The Windup Girl,Margaret Atwood’s Oryx and Crake and Emily St.John Mandel’s Station Eleven respectively,from the lens of New Materialism to explore the ethical messages conveyed in their envisioning of the future world.

关 键 词：后末日推想小说 新物质主义 《发条女孩》 《羚羊与秧鸡》 《第十一站》 

分 类 号：I0-05[文学—文学理论]