基于钢轨磨耗及摩擦系数的重载铁路曲线钢轨润滑方案研究  

Research on Curved Rail Lubrication Scheme for Heavy Haul Railway Based on Rail Wear and Friction Coefficient

作　　者：刘桂双 魏夕凯 王凯 李烨锋 于桂武 王海波 梁旭 刘丰收 LIU Guishuang;WEI Xikai;WANG Kai;LI Yefeng;YU Guiwu;WANG Haibo;LIANG Xu;LIU Fengshou(Chawu Engineering Section,Daqin Railway Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101402,China;Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;China Railway Materials Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100097,China;Maintenance Department,China Railway Taiyuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan Shanxi 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]大秦铁路有限公司茶坞工务段,北京101402 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [3]国铁物资有限公司,北京100097 [4]中国铁路太原局集团有限公司工务部,太原030001

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2025年第1期63-67,共5页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

摘　　要：重载铁路是我国煤炭等能源物资的主要输送途径,为解决大秦重载线路小半径曲线钢轨磨耗水平较高的问题,通过实验室磨耗试验以及在大秦重载线路设立试验区段进行跟踪试验的方法,探究了小半径曲线工况下使用油脂类润滑剂对钢轨磨耗的影响以及现场润滑设备采用不同油脂用量对钢轨的润滑效果,并从油脂减磨效果和现场油脂润滑剂最佳用量的角度研究了小半径曲线钢轨耐磨性能的提升方法。结果表明:使用油脂润滑剂能够大幅降低轮轨接触区域的摩擦系数;油脂润滑剂降低轮轨磨耗的作用十分显著,实验室减磨率约为35.4%,现场减磨率可达42%~56%。油脂润滑剂的加入使钢轨表面硬度提升,同时改变试样表面的粗糙度。应用道旁式油脂润滑设备可使曲线上股钢轨侧面磨耗有效降低,但油脂润滑剂用量的增加对侧面磨耗影响较小。目前大秦线曲线半径800 m重载工况下每趟列车的最佳润滑参数为流量0.7 mL/s、喷涂时长8 s。In order to solve the problem of high wear level of small radius curve of Daqin heavy haul line,the influence of grease lubricants on rail wear under the condition of small radius curve and the lubrication effect of different grease dosages on rails were explored by laboratory wear test and the method of tracking test in Daqin heavy haul line.From the perspective of grease wear reduction effect and the optimal amount of on-site grease,the method of improving the wear resistance of small radius curve rail was studied,and the conclusions are as follows:Using lubricating oil can significantly reduce the friction coefficient in the wheel-rail contact area.The lubricating oil has a very significant effect in reducing wheel-rail wear,with a laboratory wear reduction rate of 35.4%.The on-site wear reduction rate is between 42% and 56%.The addition of lubricating oil will increase the surface hardness of the rail and change the surface roughness of the sample.Applying trackside lubricating oil equipment can effectively reduce the lateral wear of the outer rail on curves,but the impact of increasing the amount of lubricating oil on lateral wear is relatively small.The optimal parameters for lubricating the 800 m radius curve on the Daqin heavy haul line with trackside lubricating oil equipment are to apply lubricating oil at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/s for 8 seconds per train.

关 键 词：重载铁路 小半径曲线 钢轨磨耗 钢轨润滑 

分 类 号：U213.42[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]