富硒前、后海鲜菇菌粉多糖的制备、表征和免疫活性  

Preparation,Characterization and Immune Activity of Polysaccharide from Mycelium of Hypsizygus marmoreus before and after Selenium-enriched Fermentation

作　　者：肖小年[1] 于苗苗 万谦[1] 易醒[2] XIAO Xiaonian;YU Miaomiao;WAN Qian;YI Xing(Sino-German Joint Research Institute,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047;Sino-German Food Engineering Center,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学中德联合研究院,南昌330047 [2]南昌大学中德食品工程中心,南昌330047

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2025年第1期85-92,共8页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360575,31960455)。

摘　　要：为研究富硒前、后海鲜菇菌粉多糖的理化性质、微观形貌、化学键结合方式和免疫活性,以富硒海鲜菇菌粉和海鲜菇菌粉为原料,制备富硒海鲜菇菌粉多糖(Se-HMP)和海鲜菇菌粉多糖(HMP)。采用糖醛酸含量测定、刚果红试验、傅里叶红外光谱扫描、电镜扫描等表征试验,利用小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7模型,以增殖活性、吞噬活性、细胞因子含量为指标评价多糖免疫活性。结果表明,富硒海鲜菇菌粉的粗多糖得率为(22.90±1.62)%,是海鲜菇菌粉的1.99倍。Se-HMP中的糖醛酸含量为(15.60±1.46)%,显著高于HMP(P<0.05)。Se-HMP和HMP均无三螺旋结构,而二者微观形貌相差较大。Se-HMP中多糖与硒以Se=O键和O-Se-O键的形式结合。与HMP相比,Se-HMP质量浓度在0.05~1.00 mg/mL范围内可提高RAW264.7细胞的增殖活性,显著促进其分泌NO和TNF-α(P<0.05),而二者上调IL-6水平的能力相近。此外,低质量浓度(≤0.25 mg/mL)的Se-HMP和高质量浓度(≥0.50 mg/mL)的HMP均可促进巨噬细胞的吞噬作用。结论:与未富硒的HMP相比,Se-HMP具有更高的免疫活性,这可能与Se-HMP中多糖和硒的有机结合及糖醛酸含量较高有一定关系。Selenium-enriched Hypsizygus marmoreus mycelium polysaccharide(Se-HMP)and H.marmoreus mycelium polysaccharide(HMP)were prepared from the powder of H.marmoreus before and after selenium-enriched fermentation,respectively,and then investigated their physical and chemical properties,microscopic morphology,chemical bonding mode and immune activity.The properties were conducted by uronic acid content determination,Congo red test,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electron microscope.The immune activity was evaluated by means of proliferative activity,phagocytic activity and cytokine content using mouse macrophage RAW264.7 model.The results indicated that the yield of crude polysaccharide from selenium-enriched H.marmoreus was(22.90±1.62)%,which was 1.99 times that of H.marmoreus without selenium-enrichment.The content of uronic acid in Se-HMP was(15.60±1.46)%,which was significantly higher than that in HMP(P<0.05).Both Se-HMP and HMP have no triple helix structure,but their micromorphology is quite different.Polysaccharides in SE-HMP are bound with selenium in the form of Se=O bond and O-SE-O bond.In the range of 0.05-1.00 mg/mL,Se-HMP increased the proliferative activity of RAW264.7 cells and significantly promoted the secretion of NO and TNF-α(P<0.05)in comparison with HMP,but their ability to up-regulate IL-6 level was similar.In addition,both Se-HMP in low mass concentration(≤0.25 mg/mL)and HMP in high mass concentration(≥0.50 mg/mL)can promote phagocytosis of macrophages.Therefore,Se-HMP has higher immune activity in comparison with HMP,which may be due to the organic binding of polysaccharide and selenium and the higher content of uronic acid in Se-HMP.

关 键 词：富硒多糖 海鲜菇菌粉 表征 RAW264.7细胞 免疫活性 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]