脂肪酸通过神经肽和胃肠激素调节食欲的机制  

The Mechanism of Fatty Acids Regulating Appetite through Neuropeptides and Gastrointestinal Hormones

作　　者：王敏 杨会心 袁玥 蒋泽祯 王子依 韩天龙 刘登勇 WANG Min;YANG Huixin;YUAN Yue;JIANG Zezhen;WANG Ziyi;HAN Tianlong;LIU Dengyong(College of Food Science and Engineering,Bohai University,Jinzhou 121013,Liaoning;Meat Innovation Center of Liaoning Province,Jinzhou 121013,Liaoning)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学食品科学与工程学院,辽宁锦州121013 [2]辽宁省肉类食品专业技术创新中心,辽宁锦州121013

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2025年第1期427-441,共15页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目面上项目(JYTMS 20231626);辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技计划(重点)项目(2022JH1/10900011)。

摘　　要：脂肪酸是参与食欲调节和能量稳态的重要因子,包括改善机体组成、葡萄糖稳态、血脂谱和体重平衡。脂肪酸促食欲效应由中枢神经系统及胃肠激素联合介导。一方面脂肪酸通过影响食欲调控中枢(下丘脑)及其它中枢神经系统区域(包括中脑边缘多巴胺系统、纹状体、杏仁体等)构成的复杂神经网络参与调控食欲、摄食行为及能量稳态;另一方面,脂肪酸通过刺激内分泌激素(如瘦素、胰岛素、胃饥饿素)分泌将胃肠道信号上传至中枢神经系统,组成脑-肠肽轴调节食欲及摄食行为。不同链长脂肪酸在机体发挥的作用不同,这些效应结合在一起,对机体食欲产生总体影响。本文综述脂肪酸通过中枢和外周对食欲的调节机制,重点阐述不同链长脂肪酸的多种食欲调节作用和信号传导路径。Fatty acids are important factors involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis,including improving body composition,glucose homeostasis,blood lipid profile,and weight balance.The appetite promoting effect of fatty acids is mediated by a combination of central nervous system and gastrointestinal hormones.On the one hand,fatty acids participate in regulating appetite,feeding behavior,and energy homeostasis through complex neural networks composed of the appetite regulating center(hypothalamus)and other central nervous system regions(including the midbrain marginal dopamine system,striatum,amygdala,etc.).On the other hand,fatty acids transmit gastrointestinal signals to the central nervous system by stimulating the secretion of endocrine hormones such as leptin,insulin,and gastrin,forming the brain gut peptide axis to regulate appetite and feeding behavior.Different chain length fatty acids play different roles in the body,and these effects combine to have an overall impact on the appetite.This article reviews the regulatory mechanisms of fatty acids on appetite through central and peripheral pathways,with a focus on the various appetite regulatory effects and signaling pathways of different chain length fatty acids.

关 键 词：食欲 脂肪酸 食欲因子 调节机制 

分 类 号：TS20[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]