“怪兽”的消逝:儿童加速成长的代价与出路  

The Disappearance of“Monsters”:Cost and Future for Children’s Accelerated Growth

作　　者：王乐[1] 林玲 WANG Le;LIN Ling(Faculty of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China;Chengdu Experimental Primary School Guanghua Campus West District,Chengdu 610091,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育学部,西安710062 [2]成都市实验小学西区光华校区,成都610091

出　　处：《教育学报》2025年第1期35-47,共13页Journal of Educational Studies

摘　　要：“怪兽”是儿童观察、理解和建构世界的心理语言和文化符号。它不仅诠释了儿童的身份,也为其成长提供生动体验。“怪兽”的寿命是短暂的,儿童终将走出“怪兽世界”。它的退场表征了儿童成长的三种节奏:作为信号的自然退场;作为禁忌的延迟退场和作为惊喜的提前退场。在禁忌的约束和惊喜的推动下,“怪兽”正加速退出童年生活。当儿童被提前逐出“梦幻岛”,他们在自我认同、心理准备、创造力训练、人格形塑等方面的成长进程都将被打断。因此,成人要尊重儿童对“怪兽”的着迷,也应坦然看待“怪兽”的退场,在自然成长中呵护儿童的“怪兽王国”,包括设计“怪兽王国”的完整叙事、构建成人与儿童的“共鸣关系”,以及尊重儿童成长的“慢”节奏。“Monsters”are the psychological language and cultural symbols used by children to observe,understand,and construct the world.It not only interprets the identity of children,but also provides vivid experiences for their growth.The lifespan of“monsters”is short,and children will eventually walk out of the“monster’s world”.Its withdrawal characterizes three rhythms of children’s growth:natural withdrawal as a signal;delayed withdrawal as a taboo,and early withdrawal as a surprise.Under the constraint of taboos and the impetus of surprises,“monsters”are accelerating their withdrawal from childhood lives.When children are expelled from“Neverland”in advance,their growth processes in self-identity,psychological preparation,creativity training,and personality shaping each will be interrupted.Therefore,adults should respect children’s fascination with“monsters”,calmly view withdrawal thereof,and take good care of children’s“monster kingdom”in natural growth,including designing a complete narrative of the“Monster Kingdom”,building a“resonant relationship”between adults and children and respecting the“slow”pace of children’s growth.

关 键 词：儿童 怪兽 加速成长 自然成长 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]