桥面移动车辆横风气动特性数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation study on crosswind aerodynamic characteristics of moving vehicles on bridge deck

作　　者：朱超 张佳明 冯玉祥 马存明[2,3] 陈旭骏 ZHU Chao;ZHANG Jiaming;FENG Yuxiang;MA Cunming;CHEN Xujun(Guangdong Provincial Highway Construction Co.,Ltd.Huangmaohai Sea-crossing Channel Management Centre,Guangzhou 510623,China;Department of Bridge Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Wind Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Shanghai Zhenhua Port Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200125,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省公路建设有限公司黄茅海跨海通道管理中心,广州510623 [2]西南交通大学桥梁工程系,成都610031 [3]西南交通大学风工程四川省重点实验室,成都610031 [4]上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司,上海200125

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第4期134-143,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52078438);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3005300);交通运输行业重点科技项目2020-MS1-004。

摘　　要：车辆的横风效应是影响大跨度桥梁桥面行车安全性和舒适性的重要因素,并直接关系到桥梁的正常运营,而当前关于车辆气动特性的研究却大多针对地面场景。基于计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)数值仿真平台,采用重叠动网格技术同时模拟了集装箱货车在双箱梁桥面和地面上的真实运动,详细研究了桥面移动车辆在横风作用下的绕流流场和绕流气动力。结果表明:移动车辆在横风作用下的绕流特征主要与风速和车速所控制的合成风偏角有关;此外,与地面场景的模拟结果相比,桥面的存在显著降低了车辆的侧向力和横摆力矩,但在一定程度上增加了侧倾力矩,而且这种影响还与车辆在桥面上行驶的车道位置有关;最后,提出了桥面移动车辆气动力系数关于合成风偏角的经验公式以方便工程应用。The crosswind effect of vehicles is an important factor affecting the driving safety and comfort on long⁃span bridge decks and is directly related to the normal operation of the bridge,whereas most of the current studies on the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles are focused on the ground scenario.The real movement of a container truck on thetwin⁃box girder bridge deck and on the groundbased were simultaneously simulated in this paper on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)numerical simulation platform using the overset dynamic mesh technology and the winding flow field and aerodynamic force of the moving vehicle on the bridge deck under the effect of crosswinds were investigated in detail.Finally,an empirical equation for the aerodynamic coefficient of the moving vehicle on the bridge deck with respect to the relative wind yaw angle was presented for engineering applications.The results show that the winding characteristics of the moving vehicle under crosswinds are mainly related to the yaw angle of the relative wind,which is synthesized by the wind velocity and vehicle velocity.Furthermore,the presence of the bridge deck significantly reduces the side force and yawing moment of the vehicle but increases the rolling moment to a certain extent compared to the simulation results of the ground scenario,and such effects are also related to the position of the traffic lane in which the vehicle is travelling on the bridge deck.

关 键 词：风-车辆-桥梁系统 移动车辆 气动特性 计算流体动力学(CFD)数值模拟 重叠网格 

分 类 号：U441.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]