从马克思科技伦理观审视人工智能的伦理“风险象”  

An Examination of the Ethical“Risk Image”of Artificial Intelligence from Marx’s View on Science and Technology Ethics

作　　者：郑圳 ZHENG Zhen(School of Marxism,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province 211106)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《楚雄师范学院学报》2025年第1期44-53,共10页Journal of Chuxiong Normal University

基　　金：江苏省社科应用研究精品工程科技伦理(科研诚信)专项“人工智能伦理风险评估的指标与方法研究”(23SLB-18)。

摘　　要：人工智能伦理风险与人工智能的发展相伴而生。用马克思科技伦理观审视人工智能的伦理“风险象”,看到人工智能作为中介介入社会生活使得人与自我的伦理关系失衡,或将引发主体能动性消散、主体自主性消退、主体自为性消解风险;人与人的伦理关系失调,或将引发信任危机恶化、隐私侵犯加剧、固有偏见深化、数字鸿沟扩大风险;人与社会的伦理关系失序,或将引发全面发展受限、阶级压迫升级风险;人与自然的伦理关系失控,或将引发资源攫取超阈、物种多样超压、代际公平超界风险。对人工智能伦理风险的揭示不仅为人工智能的研发与应用提供必要前提,而且为人工智能的可持续发展提供坚实基础。Development of artificial intelligence is always accompanied by its ethical risk.To examine the ethical“risk image”of artificial intelligence with Marx’s view on ethics of science and technology,we should see that 1)the intervention of artificial intelligence as an intermediary in social life will cause the imbalance of the ethical relationship between human and self,or lead to the dissipation of initiative,the elimination of autonomy,and the elimination of self-oriented risk of the subject;2)the imbalance of ethical relations between people may lead to the worsening of trust crisis,the aggravation of privacy violation,the deepening of inherent prejudice,and the widening of the digital divide;3)the disorderly ethical relationship between human and society may lead to the risk of limiting the overall development and escalating class oppression;and 4)the ethical relationship between man and nature will go out of control,which may lead to the risk of resource capture exceeding the threshold,species diversity overpressure,and intergenerational equity exceeding the boundary.Disclosure of the ethical risks of artificial intelligence provides not only a necessary prerequisite for the research,development and application of artificial intelligence,but also a solid foundation for its sustainable development.

关 键 词：马克思 科技伦理 人工智能 伦理风险 

分 类 号：B82-057[哲学宗教—伦理学]