试论《说文解字》引《尚书》体例——兼说引经与汉代所见经本之关系  

Discussion on the Quotation Style from Shangshu(尚书)in Shuowen Jiezi(说文解字)──Exploring the Relationship between Quotations and Classical Texts during the Han(汉)Dynasty

作　　者：陈翀实 CHEN Chong-shi(School of Humanities,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学人文学院,上海200240

出　　处：《语言研究》2025年第1期114-120,共7页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“七朝石经《尚书》文献整理与研究”(23BZW039)。

摘　　要：充分理解《说文解字》引经体例,是研究《说文》引经性质的基本前提。以《说文》征引《尚书》为例,其具体情形可归纳为三种:引《书》证本字,引《书》明假借,引《书》涉及重文。第一类中,部分引经不能视作经本异文,其中的用字差异或因许慎训读而产生;第二类引文则基本可以确定为《尚书》异文;第三类较为复杂,应对文字异体与经本异文两个层次做出区分。总之,《说文》引经所见异文未必是真实存在的汉代《尚书》文本。A thorough comprehension of the quoting style employed in Shuowen Jiezi(说文解字)is a fundamental prerequisite for studying the nature of scriptural quotations within this text.Taking the quotation of Shangshu(尚书)in Shuowen Jiezi(说文解字)as an example,three distinct types of specific situations can be identified:quoted to illustrate Benzi(本字),Jiajie(假借)and Chongwen(重文).In the first category,certain quotations cannot be considered as variations of the classic text,where discrepancies in word usage may be attributed to Xu Shen(许慎)'s interpretation.The second category of quotations can generally be identified as distinct texts from Shangshu(尚书).The third category is more intricate and necessitates differentiation between varying levels of textual divergence and variations within the classic text.Ultimately,it should be noted that the divergent texts observed in Shuowen Jiezi(说文解字)may not represent authentic renditions of Shangshu(尚书)during the Han(汉)Dynasty.

关 键 词：《说文解字》 《尚书》 本字 假借 重文 古文 

分 类 号：H161[语言文字—汉语]