从结构助词“的/格”的功能分化看杭州话的语法接触机制  

Language Contact and Grammatical Change in the Hangzhou(杭州)Dialect──The Division of Labor between the Modification Markers De(的)and Ge(格)

作　　者：李旭平[1] 章才闯 LI Xu-ping;ZHANG Cai-chuang(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学文学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《语言研究》2025年第1期138-145,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：浙江省哲学社科领军人才培育课题“吴、闽、徽语音像资源语料库建设与综合比较研究”(21YJRC04ZD);浙江省高层次人才特殊支持计划“区域类型学视角下的吴语语法研究”(588020-X42403/005)。

摘　　要：杭州话是一种由吴语和官话相互接触形成的方言变体,其接触表征不仅体现在语音和词汇层面,也体现在语法上。本文通过考察杭州话中结构助词“格”和“的”的共存和竞争现象,试图弄清杭州话的语法接触方式和接触模型。杭州话有两个助词“格”(ke?)和“的”(tie?),其中“格”是吴语型助词,而“的”则为官话型助词。它们在句法上互补分布,语义功能上对立。从带“格/的”的定中结构的句法和语义的对应关系来看,杭州话语法接触的基本模型是以吴语的句法结构为底板,并以此为基础对官话的某些语法特征进行语义重构。The Hangzhou(杭州)dialect is a contact language of Mandarin and Wu(吴).This article attempts to work out the model of language contact by investigating the division of labor of its two modificational markers de(的)and ge(格).The marker de(的)is borrowed from Mandarin,where ge(格)is a native marker in Wu(吴).These two markers have a complementary distribution in the Hangzhou dialect.Specifically,XP-de(的)expresses restrictive properties,whereas XP-ge(格)expresses descriptive properties.We propose that the Hangzhou(杭州)dialect inherited the syntactic templates from Wu(吴),and it has incorporated and remodeled some semantic distinctions from Mandarin by plugging them into the Wu(吴)syntax.

关 键 词：语言接触 杭州话 结构助词 的 格 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]