如何认识可感世界——《泰阿泰德篇》的上升论诠释  

How to Know Sensible World:An Interpretation of Theaetetus by Ascending Method

作　　者：李守利[1] LI Shou-li(School of Marxism,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学马克思主义学部,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期63-70,共8页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(16YJC720010)。

摘　　要：《泰阿泰德篇》对于理解柏拉图思想的整体性而言是一篇关键对话。此篇对话的现有诠释主要分为统一论和修订论两个阵营。统一论以柏拉图中期对话的经典理念论为根据,认为这篇对话的核心目的是论证感性知识的不可能。修订论对此提出批评,认为理念论与这里的讨论无关,认为从这篇对话开始,知识与意见的区别不再是泾渭分明的。这两种解释相互批评但都无法令人满意,原因在于它们过分坚持经典理念论的观点,过分坚持感性认识和理性认识的区分,无法将可感世界的认识与理念论自身困境的克服统一在一起。坚持柏拉图思想的整体性,可以提出一种不同于以上两种立场的上升论的解释原则。由此,《泰阿泰德篇》的核心论证不是可感世界的不可认识,而是要探究如何克服可感世界的认识困境从而获得对可感世界的认识,并从这个认识引向对理念世界的认识。Theaetetus is a key dialogue for the understanding of the unity of Plato's thought.The main interpretations of it can be classified in two camps as unitarianism and revisionism.According to the classic theory of Form in Plato's middle dialogues,the unitarianism puts that the main goal of this dialogue is to prove the impossibility of sensory knowledge.In contrast,the revisionism holds that the theory of Form has nothing to do with it and the distinction of knowledge from opinion has not been clear henceforth.Both of the interpretations are not satisfying for the reason that they are too attached to the classic theory of Form to connect grasp of sensible world to overcome difficulties of the theory.Insisting the unity of Plato's thoughts,a new interpretation can be discovered and therefore the critical argument in Theaetetus is not about the impossibility of knowing sensible world but rather to inquire how to overcome the dilemma and acquire knowledge of sensible world which leads to knowledge of world of Form.

关 键 词：统一论 修订论 感觉的冲突 知识 

分 类 号：B502.232[哲学宗教—外国哲学]