我国职业教育产教融合政策执行的现实困境与纾解路径——基于史密斯政策执行过程模型的分析  

The Realistic Dilemma and Relief Approach of the Policy Implementation of Industry-Education Integration in Chinese Vocational Education——Analysis Based on Policy Implementation Model of T. B. Smith

作　　者：陈梦瑶 CHEN Mengyao(College of Psychological and Educational Sciences,University of Ji’nan,Ji’nan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学教育与心理科学学院,山东济南250022

出　　处：《宁波职业技术学院学报》2025年第2期25-32,共8页Journal of Ningbo Polytechnic

基　　金：山东省高校治理专项重点课题“新质生产力视阈下山东省产教融合高质量发展模式研究”(SDGX2024010);济南市哲学社会科学规划重点项目“新质生产力视阈下济南市职业教育产教融合高质量发展路径研究”(JNS K2025B026)。

摘　　要：产教融合作为现代产业与教育体系融合的桥梁,构成了职业教育高质量发展的核心要素。在此背景下,产教融合政策作为教育政策体系的关键一环,其执行机制与传统公共政策展现出诸多共通之处。因此,研究采纳公共政策领域中的史密斯政策执行过程模型,从四个维度深入剖析产教融合政策的实施情况,发现其执行过程中存在以下困境:政策本身层面包括政策的时效性不强、政策落实机制不全、政策协同机制缺乏;政策机构层面包括执行机构边界模糊、执行机构对接困难、执行主体认同偏离;目标群体层面包括职业院校教师认识不清、企业重视度不足;执行环境层面包括传统理念存在误区,各地各院校缺乏共识;政策执行涉及多方利益,利益相关者未能充分顾及。针对以上困境,研究基于史密斯模型的四维度提出了具体的纾解路径:加强政策可操作性,构建高效协同机制;明确机构权责范围,密切配合协调落实;加强职业院校政策落实,提升企业重视程度;注重经济社会发展要求,顾及多方利益主体。The integration of industry and education,as a bridge between modern industry and the education system,constitutes a core element for the high-quality development of vocational education.In this context,as a key part of the education policy system,the implementation mechanism of industry-education integration policy shows many commonalities with traditional public policies.Therefore,the study adopts Smith’s model of policy implementation process in the field of public policy,and analyses the implementation of the policy of integration of industry and education from four dimensions,and finds that there are the following dilemmas in the process of its implementation:the level of the policy itself includes the lack of timeliness of the policy,incomplete mechanism of policy implementation,and lack of policy synergy;the level of the policy institution includes the blurring of the boundary of the executive body,difficulties in the docking of the executive body,and the deviation from the identity of the executive body;the level of the target group includes unclear understanding of vocational colleges and universities and insufficient attention from enterprises;the implementation environment level includes misunderstanding of traditional concepts and lack of consensus among colleges and universities around the world;and the implementation of the policy involves the interests of many parties,and the stakeholders are not taken into account sufficiently.To address the above dilemmas,the study proposes a path to solve the problems based on the four dimensions of Smith’s model:at the level of the policy itself,it is necessary to strengthen the operability of the policy and build an efficient synergy mechanism;at the level of the implementing agency,it is necessary to clarify the scope of authority and responsibility of the agency and coordinate the implementation in a close way;at the level of the target group,it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of the policy in vocational colleges and universities and increa

关 键 词：职业教育 产教融合政策 史密斯政策执行过程模型 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]