中国高新技术产业人才不同就业阶段的分布格局及其影响因素  

Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of High-Tech Talents at Different Stages in China

作　　者：杨云佳 崔璨 王强 陈南希[1] Yang Yunjia;Cui Can;Wang Qiang;Chen Nanxi(Research Center for China Administrative Division&Institute for Talent Development Strategy&School of Geographic Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Institute for Rural Revitalization Strategy,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心&人才发展战略研究院&地理科学学院,上海200241 [2]西南大学乡村振兴战略研究院,重庆400715

出　　处：《热带地理》2025年第2期238-249,共12页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42171233)。

摘　　要：基于2003—2021年高新技术产业人才履历大数据,采用空间分析方法和空间计量模型,从城市尺度分析中国高新技术产业人才不同就业阶段的空间分布格局及其影响因素,并进一步分析不同学历和学校层级人才分布格局影响因素的异质性。结果发现:1)中国高新技术产业人才主要在东部沿海经济发达地区、省会直辖市以及城市群形成集聚;相较于初次就业阶段,高新技术产业人才在当前就业阶段的空间集聚度有所升高。2)不同就业阶段人才分布的影响因素存在显著差异,初次就业阶段,经济因素对人才分布的影响更为显著;而在当前就业阶段,舒适性因素的作用更加突出,反映高新技术产业人才在职业发展中后期物质基础得到满足后,对生活品质提升的关注日益增强。同时,人才政策在两个阶段均对人才分布起重要作用。3)不同学历与学校层级高新技术产业人才分布的影响因素呈现异质性。高人力资本群体(研究生学历及毕业于“双一流”高校)对舒适性因素的关注度更高,尤其在当前就业阶段表现得尤为显著。As China transitions to high-quality economic development,the innovation-driven growth model places increasing demand on the high-tech industry,highlighting the critical role of high-tech talent in enhancing regional competitiveness.Existing studies have primarily focused on talent distribution patterns at national or provincial levels,with limited exploration at the city level.Furthermore,most studies concentrate on the distribution patterns and influencing factors at a single stage,treating talented individuals as a homogeneous group without a comparative analysis of the differences in talent distribution across employment stages,educational qualifications,or school levels.To address these gaps,in this study,we employed big data on hightech talent resumes spanning 2003 to 2021 using spatial analysis techniques and spatial econometric models to examine the spatial distribution patterns and influencing factors of high-tech talent across different employment stages at the urban scale.Additionally,we explored the heterogeneity of the influencing factors at various educational qualifications and institutional levels.The results reveal the following.First,high-tech talents in China are predominantly clustered in economically developed eastern coastal regions,provincial capitals,municipalities,and urban agglomerations.Compared with the initial employment stage,the spatial concentration of high-tech individuals intensified during the current employment stage.The number of dense clusters in the eastern coastal regions decreased,whereas the number of non-dense clusters in the western and northeastern regions increased.A strengthened"high-high"clustering pattern around central cities in urban agglomerations reflects the increasing preference for high-tech talents in such areas.Second,the factors influencing the distribution of talented individuals differ significantly across employment stages,and are shaped by economic conditions,amenities,talent policies,and administrative hierarchies.Economic factors,particularly income

关 键 词：高新技术产业人才 人力资本 城市舒适性 异质性分析 中国 

分 类 号：C964.2[经济管理—人力资源管理]