轨道板侧裂纹对车辆-轨道动力性能的影响研究  

Study on the Influence of Side Cracks in Track Slabs on Vehicle-track Dynamic Performance

作　　者：王瑶 和振兴 WANG Yao;HE Zhenxing(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China;Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031 [2]兰州交通大学,兰州730070

出　　处：《高速铁路技术》2025年第1期55-62,共8页High Speed Railway Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52162047);兰州市科技计划项目(2022-2-26)。

摘　　要：板式无砟轨道在我国高速铁路中得到了广泛应用,在长期列车动荷载与环境等因素共同作用下,轨道板结构不可避免地发生疲劳、结构裂化等损伤情境,从而影响其使用寿命和耐久性,增大养护维修成本。为研究高速列车荷载作用下,具有侧裂纹的轨道板对车辆-轨道系统动力学性能的影响,本文基于MATLAB-ABAQUS联合仿真技术建立了车辆-轨道空间耦合动力学模型。模型中包含:考虑为多刚体系统的列车模型,采用无限长点支撑Euler梁模拟的钢轨模型,和考虑面内、面外柔性振动的含侧裂纹的轨道板模型。本文通过对比分析有无侧裂纹的轨道板对整个系统动态响应的差异,探讨了不同运行速度对裂纹板动力性能的影响。研究结果表明:侧裂纹的存在会增大轨道板裂纹附近垂向和横向的动力响应,尤其是对其横向加速度影响最显著,最大分别增大16.65%和90.60%;列车速度与轨道板振动密切相关,列车速度的提高将进一步加剧轨道板裂纹处的振动,在长期列车动荷载作用下增加了裂纹进一步扩展的风险,给轨道板结构稳定性带来挑战。本研究可为高速铁路轨道的养护维修提供理论依据。The slab ballastless track has been widely used in China’s high-speed railway.Under the combined action of long-term train dynamic load and environmental factors,the track slab structure will inevitably suffer from fatigue,structural cracking and other damage scenarios,which will affect its service life and durability and increase maintenance costs.To study the influence of track slab with side cracks on the dynamic performance of vehicle-track system under the load of high-speed train,this paper established a vehicle-track spatially coupled dynamics model based on MATLAB-ABAQUS co-simulation technology.The model contains:a train model considered as a multi-rigid-body system,a rail model simulated with an infinitely long point-supported Euler beam,and a side-cracked slab model considering its in-plane and out-of-plane flexible vibrations.The differences in the dynamic responses of track slabs with or without side cracks to the whole system were compared and analyzed,and the effects of different operating speeds on the dynamic performance of the cracked slabs were discussed.The results indicate that:the existence of side cracks increases the vertical and lateral dynamic responses near the cracks of the track slab,especially the most drastic effect on its lateral acceleration,which increases by a maximum of 16.65%and 90.60%.Train speed has a close relationship with track slab vibration,and a higher operation speed will further aggravate the vibration at the cracks of the track slab,posing a risk of further crack expansion under the long-term train dynamic loads and challenging the stability of the track slab structure itself.This study will provide a theoretical basis for the maintenance and repair of high-speed railroad tracks.

关 键 词：高速铁路 无砟轨道 侧裂纹 车辆-轨道耦合动力学 联合仿真技术 

分 类 号：U213.244[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U238