基于决策树算法的汽车保险杠喷涂质量影响因素  

Research on the Influencing Factors of Automobile Bumper Spraying Quality Based on CART Algorithm

作　　者：程诺 王巍 CHENG Nuo;WANG Wei(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《森林工程》2025年第2期339-348,共10页Forest Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(LC201407)。

摘　　要：为提高林业运输车辆的保险杠喷涂合格率,以某公司汽车保险杠的涂装质量数据为例,运用排列图对涂装质量数据进行分析得出颗粒、桔皮属于影响喷涂质量的主要因素。从人、机、料、法、环5个方面分析产生颗粒、桔皮的主要原因,并采用斯皮尔曼(Spearman)相关系数进行特征提取以及重要性分析,得出喷漆房的温度、喷漆房相对湿度、机器人喷涂流量、旋杯转速、喷涂距离、喷涂速度、漆的品牌、机器人(机器①、机器②、…、机器⑥)均会影响保险杠的喷涂质量。运用决策树(classification and regression tree,CART)算法确定喷涂流量、喷漆房的温度、喷漆房相对湿度、机器人②和机器人④、漆的品牌是影响保险杠喷涂质量的较为关键的因素。结果表明,利用CART分类算法对喷涂质量数据进行分析能够实现对故障点的判别,对于提高保险杠喷涂质量具有借鉴意义。To enhance the qualified rate of bumper painting for forestry transportation vehicles,the coating quality data of bumpers from a certain company were selected for analysis.The coating quality data were analyzed by using a Pareto chart,and it was found that particles and orange peel were the main factors affecting the painting quality.The primary causes of particles and orange peel were analyzed from five aspects:personnel,machinery,materials,methods,and environment.Spearman′s correlation coefficient was employed for feature extraction and importance analysis,revealing that factors such as the temperature and relative humidity in the paint spray booth(paint spray both temperature,relative humidity in paint spray booth),robot spray flow rate,rotary cup rotation speed,spray distance,spray speed,paint brand,and robot all influenced the bumper′s painting quality.By applying the classfication and regression tree(CART)algorithm,it was determined that spray flow rate,temperature and relative humidity in the paint spray booth,robots 2 and 4,and paint brand were the more critical factors affecting the bumper′s painting quality.The results indicated that the analysis of painting quality data using the CART classification algorithm could effectively identify fault points,providing valuable insights for improving the quality of bumper painting.

关 键 词：汽车保险杠 喷涂质量 颗粒 桔皮 决策树 质量控制 CART算法 影响因素 

分 类 号：TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]