基于车距保持的公路隧道反光条设置及驾驶模拟研究  

Study on reflective strip configuration and driving simulation in highway tunnels based on vehicle distance maintenance

作　　者：梅家林 杜志刚[1,2] 贺世明 王首硕 MEI Jialin;DU Zhigang;HE Shiming;WANG Shoushuo(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Transportation Information and Safety Education,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;School of Intelligent Transportation and Engineering,Guangzhou Maritime University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510712,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院,湖北武汉430063 [2]交通信息与安全教育部工程研究中心,湖北武汉430063 [3]广州航海学院智能交通与工程学院,广东广州510712

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2025年第1期171-177,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(52072291,52402423)。

摘　　要：为减少驾驶人在公路隧道中追尾风险,首先根据隧道反光条提供深度知觉信息的特性,建立隧道反光条设置间距的计算模型;其次通过驾驶模拟试验,探讨隧道反光条设置间距对车距保持的影响;然后选取制动车头时距、最小车头时距、跟驰车头时距和最小碰撞时间作为评价指标。结果表明:前车以40~80 km/h速度行驶,而后车以高于前车20 km/h的速度接近时,若让后车驾驶人在与前车的距离小于最小安全距离之前,接受3~4次来自反光条的视觉刺激,制动车头时距能提高27.6%~56.6%,最小车头时距能提升54.2%~60.3%,并且跟车稳定条件下车头时距能提升20.1%~31.6%。此外,前车一旦出现紧急制动,最小碰撞时间能提升34.7%~60.5%,降低追尾概率。即隧道反光条可提高驾驶人的速度感知和距离感知能力,降低追尾风险。To reduce the risk of rear-end collisions in highway tunnels,a tunnel reflective strip space model was proposed based on the tunnel reflective strip characteristics with depth perception information.The effects of spacing between tunnel reflective strips on vehicle distance maintenance were examined through driving simulation tests.Braking headway,minimum headway,following headway,and minimum collision time were selected as evaluation indicators.The results indicated that when the leading vehicle traveled at speeds between 40-80 km/h and the following vehicle approached at a speed 20 km/h higher than the leading vehicle,if the following driver received 3-4 visual stimulations from the reflective strips before the distance between the leading and following vehicles was less than the minimum safe distance,the braking headway,minimum headway,and the time headway under stable car-following conditions was improved by 27.6%-56.6%,54.2%-60.3%,and 20.1%-31.6%,respectively.Furthermore,the minimum collision time was increased by 34.7%-60.5% once the leading vehicle braked urgently,reducing the probability of a rear-end collision.Therefore,tunnel reflective strips enhance drivers'perception of speed and distance perception ability,reducing the risk of rear-end collisions.

关 键 词：车距保持 公路隧道 反光条 驾驶模拟 车头时距 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]