拮抗菌复合保鲜纸的制备及其对苹果保鲜中的应用  

Preparation of Composite Preservation Paper Containing Antagonistic Fungi and Its Application on Apple Preservation

作　　者：刘艺璇 岳红 司欣雨 周梦含 陈存坤 郭红莲[1] LIU Yixuan;YUE Hong;SI Xinyu;ZHOU Menghan;CHEN Cunkun;GUO Honglian(College of Food Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products,National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products(Tianjin),Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院,天津300457 [2]国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心(天津),天津市农产品采后生理与贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第6期342-351,共10页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32372391)。

摘　　要：为研究拮抗菌复合保鲜纸的性能及其在室温下对嘎啦苹果的生理品质及保鲜效果的影响,同时解决拮抗菌在应用中难于萌发、受环境影响大等局限性,本研究以膜醭毕赤酵母为拮抗菌,添加至1.16%明胶和2%的海藻糖混合液中,结合纸基材料制备成拮抗菌复合保鲜纸,并对复合保鲜纸进行表征、物理性能和热稳定性能分析,分析其对嘎啦苹果自然发病率、病斑直径、失重率、硬度、褐变度、还原糖、可滴定酸、维生素C和可溶性固形物的影响,综合评价复合保鲜纸对嘎啦苹果的保鲜效果。结果表明,含菌保鲜基液使链格孢霉菌孢子表面皱缩变形,形态破坏。含菌浓度为108 CFU/mL的保鲜液与纸基材料紧密结合。复合保鲜纸的吸水率为768.94%±38.05%,有较高吸水率;厚度为0.232±0.008 mm,抗张强度为13.88±0.59 N/mm^(2),断裂伸长率6.33%±0.58%,表明复合保鲜纸具有良好的物理性能;在320~450℃范围内存在主要的质量损失,800℃时残留率为5.31%,具有良好的热稳定性。活体应用表明,复合保鲜纸可以有效延缓接种果实的病斑扩展,降低了果实的失重率和褐变度并保持了果实的硬度,延缓了果实维生素C、还原糖和可溶性固形物含量的降低,维持了果实良好的感官品质和生理品质,延长了贮藏时间。该复合保鲜纸具有较好的物理性能和热稳定性能,较好维持了采后嘎啦苹果的贮藏品质,不仅为拮抗酵母的抑菌保鲜提供了新思路,也为新型生物保鲜纸的开发与保鲜应用提供了参考。In order to study the properties of composite preservation paper containing antagonistic fungi and the effect of the composite preservation paper on the physiological quality and preservation quality of Gala apples at room temperature,and at the same time to solve the limitations of the antagonistic fungi in the application of difficult to germinate,subject to the influence of the environment,etc.,this study used Pichia membranaefaciens as the antagonistic fungi,added to the mixture of 1.16%gelatin and 2%trehalose solution,and combined with a paper-based material to prepare a composite preservation paper containing antagonistic fungi.The structure was characterized,and the physical properties and thermal stability performance of the composite preservation paper were measured.Effects of composite preservation on the natural disease incidence of Gala apples,spot diameter,weight loss,hardness,browning degree,reducing sugar,titratable acid,vitamin C and soluble solids content were analyzed to comprehensively evaluate the preservation effect of the composite preservation paper on Gala apples.Results showed that the composite preservation liquid containing antagonistic fungi caused the surface of Alternaria spp.spores to crumple and deform,and the morphology was destroyed.The composite preservation liquid containing antagonistic fungi at a concentration of 108 CFU/mL was tightly combined with the paperbased material.The water absorption rate of the composite preservation paper was 768.94%±38.05%,which was at a high level.The thickness of the composite preservation paper was 0.232±0.008 mm,the tensile strength was 13.88±0.59 N/mm^(2),and the percentage of breaking elongation was 6.33%±0.58%,indicating that it had good physical properties.There was a major mass loss in the range of 320~450℃,and the residual rate was 5.31%at 800℃,with good thermal stability.In vivo application showed that the composite preservation paper could effectively delay the expansion of spots in inoculated fruits,reduce the weight loss rat

关 键 词：拮抗酵母 含菌保鲜基液 复合保鲜纸 苹果 保鲜效果 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]