电磁场处理技术在果蔬保鲜加工中的研究进展  

Review of the Research Progress of the Electromagnetic Field Treatment Technology in Fruit and Vegetable Preservation and Processing

作　　者：王文月 李旋 胡佳星 毕金峰[1] WANG Wenyue;LI Xuan;HU Jiaxing;BI Jinfeng(Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Food Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第6期398-406,共9页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家现代苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27);中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2023IFST)。

摘　　要：电磁场处理是一种新型的食品非热加工处理方法,可应用于果蔬保鲜加工中以保持鲜活品质。电磁场处理可以延缓果蔬成熟,并具有保鲜、杀菌、消毒和防腐作用。适宜的电磁场处理能够在不损害果蔬感官品质的前提下,有效保持其营养成分,并延长其在常温下的货架期。本文主要综述了静磁场、交变磁场、脉冲磁场等电磁场处理技术在果蔬保鲜加工中的应用,总结了电磁场对果蔬物料采后代谢、细胞膜完整性、关键代谢酶及相关转录过程的影响机制,揭示该技术对保持果蔬品质特性的内在机理。未来电磁场处理技术在果蔬保鲜加工中的应用研究,应结合果蔬原料的特性开发电磁场与其它物理场的联合处理技术,实现对果蔬的精准、高效率和低能耗加工处理,以满足消费者对高品质果蔬制品的需求。Electromagnetic field treatment is a new non-thermal food processing method,which can be used in the preservation and processing of fruits and vegetables to maintain fresh quality.Electromagnetic field treatment can not only delay the ripening of fruits and vegetables,but also have the functions of preservation,sterilization,disinfection and antisepsis,etc.The fruits and vegetables treated by appropriate electromagnetic field can maintain their nutritional and sensory quality well,and prolong their shelf life at room temperature.This paper mainly reviews the application of static,alternating,and pulsed magnetic field treatment technologies in fruit and vegetable preservation and processing,summarizes the influence mechanism of electromagnetic field on postharvest metabolisms,cell membrane integrity,key metabolic enzymes and related transcription processes of fruit and vegetable material,and reveals the internal mechanism of this technology on maintaining fruit and vegetable quality characteristics.Future research on the application of electromagnetic field in the preservation and processing of fruits and vegetables should consider the characteristics of fruits and vegetables to develop the combined treatment technologies of electromagnetic field and other physical fields,so as to achieve precise processing,high efficiency,low energy consumption,and meet consumer demands for high-quality fruits and vegetables products.

关 键 词：电磁场处理技术 果蔬 保鲜 加工 代谢机理 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]